Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ẹrpe-
Proto-Turkic
Verb
*ẹrpe-
- (Common Turkic, transitive) to saw
Conjugation
Conjugation of *ẹrpe- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *ẹrpemek | |||||||
| participle | present | *ẹrpegen, ẹrpegme, ẹrper | ||||||
| past | *ẹrpedük, ẹrpemiš | |||||||
| future | *ẹrpedeči, ẹrpemekči, ẹrpesik, ẹrpeyeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *ẹrpeme, ẹrpeg, ẹrpegü | |||||||
| way of doing | *ẹrpeš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *ẹrper ben | *ẹrper sen | *ẹrper | *ẹrper biz | *ẹrper siz | *ẹrper | |
| past | simple | *ẹrpedim | *ẹrpediŋ | *ẹrpedi | *ẹrpedik, ẹrpedimiz | *ẹrpediŋiz | *ẹrpedi | |
| inferential | *ẹrpemiš ben | *ẹrpemiš sen | *ẹrpemiš | *ẹrpemiš biz | *ẹrpemiš siz | *ẹrpemiš | ||
| future | simple | *ẹrpedeči ben, ẹrpemekči ben, ẹrpeyeček ben | *ẹrpedeči sen, ẹrpemekči sen, ẹrpeyeček sen | *ẹrpedeči, ẹrpemekči, ẹrpeyeček | *ẹrpedeči biz, ẹrpemekči biz, ẹrpeyeček biz | *ẹrpedeči siz, ẹrpemekči siz, ẹrpeyeček siz | *ẹrpedeči, ẹrpemekči, ẹrpeyeček | |
| predictive | *ẹrpegey ben | *ẹrpegey sen | *ẹrpegey | *ẹrpegey biz | *ẹrpegey siz | *ẹrpegey | ||
| necessitive | *ẹrpesikim | *ẹrpesikiŋ | *ẹrpesik | *ẹrpesikimiz | *ẹrpesikiŋiz | *ẹrpesik | ||
| conditional | *ẹrpesem, ẹrpeser ben | *ẹrpeseŋ, ẹrpeser sen | *ẹrpese, ẹrpeser | *ẹrpesek, ẹrpesemiz, ẹrpeser biz | *ẹrpeseŋiz, ẹrpeser siz | *ẹrpeseler, ẹrpeser | ||
| optative | *ẹrpegey ben | *ẹrpegey sen | *ẹrpegey | *ẹrpegey biz | *ẹrpegey siz | *ẹrpegey | ||
| progressive | *ẹrpemekde ben | *ẹrpemekde sen | *ẹrpemekde | *ẹrpemekde biz | *ẹrpemekde siz | *ẹrpemekde | ||
| necessitative | *ẹrpemelig ben | *ẹrpemelig sen | *ẹrpemelig | *ẹrpemelig biz | *ẹrpemelig siz | *ẹrpemelig | ||
| imperative | *ẹrpeyeyin | *ẹrpe, ẹrpegil | *ẹrpezün | *ẹrpeyelim | *ẹrpeyiŋ | *ẹrpezün | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *ẹrpememek | |||||||
| participle | present | *ẹrpemegen, ẹrpemegme, ẹrpemez | ||||||
| past | *ẹrpemedük, ẹrpememiš | |||||||
| future | *ẹrpemeči, ẹrpemesik, ẹrpemeyeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *ẹrpememe, ẹrpemeg, ẹrpemegü | |||||||
| way of doing | *ẹrpemeš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *ẹrpemez ben | *ẹrpemez sen | *ẹrpemez | *ẹrpemez biz | *ẹrpemez siz | *ẹrpemez | |
| past | simple | *ẹrpemedim | *ẹrpemediŋ | *ẹrpemedi | *ẹrpemedik, ẹrpemedimiz | *ẹrpemediŋiz | *ẹrpemedi | |
| inferential | *ẹrpememiš ben | *ẹrpememiš sen | *ẹrpememiš | *ẹrpememiš biz | *ẹrpememiš siz | *ẹrpememiš | ||
| future | simple | *ẹrpemeči ben, ẹrpemeyeček ben | *ẹrpemeči sen, ẹrpemeyeček sen | *ẹrpemeči, ẹrpemeyeček | *ẹrpemeči biz, ẹrpemeyeček biz | *ẹrpemeči siz, ẹrpemeyeček siz | *ẹrpemeči, ẹrpemeyeček | |
| predictive | *ẹrpemegey ben | *ẹrpemegey sen | *ẹrpemegey | *ẹrpemegey biz | *ẹrpemegey siz | *ẹrpemegey | ||
| necessitive | *ẹrpemesikim | *ẹrpemesikiŋ | *ẹrpemesik | *ẹrpemesikimiz | *ẹrpemesikiŋiz | *ẹrpemesik | ||
| conditional | *ẹrpemesem, ẹrpemeser ben | *ẹrpemeseŋ, ẹrpemeser sen | *ẹrpemese, ẹrpemeser | *ẹrpemesek, ẹrpemesemiz, ẹrpemeser biz | *ẹrpemeseŋiz, ẹrpemeser siz | *ẹrpemeseler, ẹrpemeser | ||
| optative | *ẹrpemegey ben | *ẹrpemegey sen | *ẹrpemegey | *ẹrpemegey biz | *ẹrpemegey siz | *ẹrpemegey | ||
| progressive | *ẹrpememekde ben | *ẹrpememekde sen | *ẹrpememekde | *ẹrpememekde biz | *ẹrpememekde siz | *ẹrpememekde | ||
| necessitative | *ẹrpememelig ben | *ẹrpememelig sen | *ẹrpememelig | *ẹrpememelig biz | *ẹrpememelig siz | *ẹrpememelig | ||
| imperative | *ẹrpemeyeyin | *ẹrpeme, ẹrpemegil | *ẹrpemezün | *ẹrpemeyelim | *ẹrpemeyiŋ | *ẹrpemezün | ||
Derived terms
- *ẹrpeg (“saw”)
- *ẹrpegle- (“to saw”)
- *ẹrpel- (“to be sawed”)
- *ẹrpen- (“to be sawed”)
- *ẹrpet- (“to make saw”)
- *ẹrpeĺč- (“to saw together”)
Descendants
Common Turkic:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اِرْباماكْ (érpēmēk)
- ⇒ Karakhanid: اِرْبالْماكْ (érpēlmēk), اِرْباتْماكْ (érpētmēk)
- Karakhanid: اِرْباماكْ (érpēmēk)
- Siberian Turkic:
- Old Turkic:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (érpä-)
- ⇒ Old Uyghur: [script needed] (érpäg), [script needed] (érpäglä-), [script needed] (érpäl-), [script needed] (érpäš-)
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (érpä-)
- North Siberian:
- Old Turkic:
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “érpe:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 199