Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kẹl-
Proto-Turkic
Verb
*kẹl-
- (intransitive) to come
Conjugation of *kẹl- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *kelmek | |||||||
| participle | present | *kelgen, keligme, kelür | ||||||
| past | *keldük, kelmiš | |||||||
| future | *keldeči, kelmekči, kelsik, keleček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *kelme, kelig, kelgü | |||||||
| way of doing | *keliš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *kelür ben | *kelür sen | *kelür | *kelür biz | *kelür siz | *kelür | |
| past | simple | *keldim | *keldiŋ | *keldi | *keldik, keldimiz | *keldiŋiz | *keldi | |
| inferential | *kelmiš ben | *kelmiš sen | *kelmiš | *kelmiš biz | *kelmiš siz | *kelmiš | ||
| future | simple | *keldeči ben, kelmekči ben, keleček ben | *keldeči sen, kelmekči sen, keleček sen | *keldeči, kelmekči, keleček | *keldeči biz, kelmekči biz, keleček biz | *keldeči siz, kelmekči siz, keleček siz | *keldeči, kelmekči, keleček | |
| predictive | *kelgey ben | *kelgey sen | *kelgey | *kelgey biz | *kelgey siz | *kelgey | ||
| necessitive | *kelsikim | *kelsikiŋ | *kelsik | *kelsikimiz | *kelsikiŋiz | *kelsik | ||
| conditional | *kelsem, kelser ben | *kelseŋ, kelser sen | *kelse, kelser | *kelsek, kelsemiz, kelser biz | *kelseŋiz, kelser siz | *kelseler, kelser | ||
| optative | *kelgey ben | *kelgey sen | *kelgey | *kelgey biz | *kelgey siz | *kelgey | ||
| progressive | *kelmekde ben | *kelmekde sen | *kelmekde | *kelmekde biz | *kelmekde siz | *kelmekde | ||
| necessitative | *kelmelig ben | *kelmelig sen | *kelmelig | *kelmelig biz | *kelmelig siz | *kelmelig | ||
| imperative | *keleyin | *kel, kelgil | *kelzün | *kelelim | *keliŋ | *kelzün | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *kelmemek | |||||||
| participle | present | *kelmegen, kelmegme, kelmez | ||||||
| past | *kelmedük, kelmemiš | |||||||
| future | *kelmeči, kelmesik, kelmeyeček | |||||||
| verbal noun | *kelmeme, kelmeg, kelmegü | |||||||
| way of doing | *kelmeyiš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *kelmez ben | *kelmez sen | *kelmez | *kelmez biz | *kelmez siz | *kelmez | |
| past | simple | *kelmedim | *kelmediŋ | *kelmedi | *kelmedik, kelmedimiz | *kelmediŋiz | *kelmedi | |
| inferential | *kelmemiš ben | *kelmemiš sen | *kelmemiš | *kelmemiš biz | *kelmemiš siz | *kelmemiš | ||
| future | simple | *kelmeči ben, kelmeyeček ben | *kelmeči sen, kelmeyeček sen | *kelmeči, kelmeyeček | *kelmeči biz, kelmeyeček biz | *kelmeči siz, kelmeyeček siz | *kelmeči, kelmeyeček | |
| predictive | *kelmegey ben | *kelmegey sen | *kelmegey | *kelmegey biz | *kelmegey siz | *kelmegey | ||
| necessitive | *kelmesikim | *kelmesikiŋ | *kelmesik | *kelmesikimiz | *kelmesikiŋiz | *kelmesik | ||
| conditional | *kelmesem, kelmeser ben | *kelmeseŋ, kelmeser sen | *kelmese, kelmeser | *kelmesek, kelmesemiz, kelmeser biz | *kelmeseŋiz, kelmeser siz | *kelmeseler, kelmeser | ||
| optative | *kelmegey ben | *kelmegey sen | *kelmegey | *kelmegey biz | *kelmegey siz | *kelmegey | ||
| progressive | *kelmemekde ben | *kelmemekde sen | *kelmemekde | *kelmemekde biz | *kelmemekde siz | *kelmemekde | ||
| necessitative | *kelmemelig ben | *kelmemelig sen | *kelmemelig | *kelmemelig biz | *kelmemelig siz | *kelmemelig | ||
| imperative | *kelmeyeyin | *kelme, kelmegil | *kelmezün | *kelmeyelim | *kelmeyiŋ | *kelmezün | ||
Related terms
- *kẹltür- (“to get”)
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: кил (kil)
- Common Turkic:
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: kəlmək
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian: