Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yaka

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*yaka

collar
edge

Declension

Declension of *yaka
	singular ³⁾
nominative	*yaka
accusative	yakag, yakanï¹⁾
genitive	*yakanïŋ
dative	*yakaka
locative	*yakada
ablative	*yakadan
allative	*yakagaru
instrumental ²⁾	*yakan
equative ²⁾	*yakača
similative ²⁾	*yakalayu
comitative ²⁾	*yakalïgu

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫуха (śuh̬a, “collar”)
- →? Hungarian: nyak

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yaqqa (“collar”)
Proto-Oghuz: *yaka
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: yaxa (“collar; bank”)
      - → Khalaj: yaxa (“collar”)
    - Ottoman Turkish: یاقه (yaka), یقه (yaka)
      - Turkish: yaka
      - → Albanian: jakë
      - → Arabic: يَاقَة (yāqa)
      - → Armenian: յախա (yaxa)
      - → Aromanian: iácã, yiácã
      - → Bulgarian: яка́ (jaká)
      - → Greek: γιακάς (giakás)
      - → Ladino: yaká
      - → Laz: ჲაქა (yaka)
      - → Macedonian: јака (jaka)
      - → Romanian: iaca
      - → Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ја̏ка
        Latin script: jȁka
    - → Persian: یقه (yaqe, “collar”)
- Oghuz-Uyghur:
  - Salar: yaqa
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: ýaka
Karluk:
- Uyghur: ياقا (yaqa)
- Uzbek: yoqa (“collar; side; shore, bank”)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: яға (yağa)
  - Tatar: яка (yaka)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yaqa
  - Kumyk: якъа (yaqa)
  - Urum: йаға
    - → Mariupol Greek: яга́ (jahá)
- South Kipchak:
  - Kazakh: жаға (jağa, “collar”)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жака (jaka, “collar”)
    - → Pashto: جاغه (jāǧá, “collar”)
  - Southern Altai: јака (ǰaka, “collar, shore, bank”)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (jaqa, “collar”)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: һака (haka, “Sakha”)
  - Yakut: саҕа (sağa, “collar; edge”), саха (saqa, “Sakha”)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: чаға (çağa, “trousers/pants' belt; edge”)
    - Shor: чаға (çağa)