Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yum

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Adjective

*yum

  1. round

Noun

*yum

  1. ball of wool
  2. thread

Declension

Declension of *yum
singular 3)
nominative *yum
accusative *yumug, *yumnï1)
genitive *yumnuŋ
dative *yumka
locative *yumda
ablative *yumdan
allative *yumgaru
instrumental 2) *yumun
equative 2) *yumča
similative 2) *yumlayu
comitative 2) *yumlugu
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

  • Proto-Turkic: *yumgak (“ball of wool, thread”)
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: ҫӑмха (śămh̬a, “ball”)
  • Common Turkic:
    • Oghuz:
    • Karluk:
      • Karakhanid: [script needed] (jumɣaq, “globular or round thing”)
        • Chagatai: [script needed] (yumaq, “ball of wool”)
          • Uzbek: yumaloq (“round, ball”)
    • Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (yumaq, “thread rolled into a ball”):
    • Siberian:
      • South Siberian
        • Khakas: ныңмах (nıñmax)
  • Proto-Turkic: *yumru (“round”)
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: чӑмӑр (čămăr)
  • Common Turkic:
    • Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Kipchak:
      • North Kipchak:
        • Bashkir: йомро (yomro), йоморо (yomoro)
        • Tatar: йомры (yomrı)
      • South Kipchak:
        • Caspian:
        • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
          • Kyrgyz: жумуру (jumuru)

References

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