Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bleuwan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *blewwaną.

Verb

*bleuwan^[1]

to beat

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	*bleuwan
1st sg. past	*blauw
3rd pl. past	*bluwun
Past ptcple	*blowan
Infinitive	*bleuwan
Genitive infin.	*bleuwannjas
Dative infin.	*bleuwannjē
Instrum. infin.	*bleuwannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*bleuwu	*blauw
2nd singular	*bliuwiʀi	*bluwī
3rd singular	*bliuwidi	*blauw
1st plural	*bleuwum	*bluwum
2nd plural	*bliuwid	*bluwud
3rd plural	*bleuwand	*bluwun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*bleuwē	*bluwī
2nd singular	*bleuwēs	*bluwī
3rd singular	*bleuwē	*bluwī
1st plural	*bleuwēm	*bluwīm
2nd plural	*bleuwēþ	*bluwīd
3rd plural	*bleuwēn	*bluwīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*bliuw
Plural	*bliuwid
	Present	Past
Participle	*bleuwandī	*blowan

Derived terms

*bleuwarōn

Descendants

Old Saxon: bliuwan
- Middle Low German: blǖwen, bluwen
- → Middle English: blēwe, northern and East Midlands blowe, blaw
  - Scots: blaw
  - English: blow
Old Dutch: *bliuwan
- Middle Dutch: blouwen
  - Dutch: blouwen
Old High German: bliuwan
- Middle High German: bliuwen, blūwen, blouwen, bliugen, pliuwen, pliugen
  - German: bleuen, bläuen

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 66: “PWGmc *bleuwan”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 66: “PWGmc *bleuwan”

[1]