Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/buggjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bugjaną.

Verb

*buggjan^[1]

to buy
Synonyms: *kaupijan, *kaupōn

Inflection

Class 1 weak j-present
Infinitive	*buggjan
1st sg. past	*bohtā
Infinitive	*buggjan
Genitive infin.	*buggjannjas
Dative infin.	*buggjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*buggjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*buggju	*bohtā
2nd singular	*bugisi	bohtēs, bohtōs
3rd singular	*bugiþi	bohtē, bohtā
1st plural	*buggjum	*bohtum
2nd plural	*bugiþ	*bohtud
3rd plural	*buggjanþ	*bohtun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*buggjē	*bohtī
2nd singular	*buggjēs	*bohtī
3rd singular	*buggjē	*bohtī
1st plural	*buggjēm	*bohtīm
2nd plural	*buggjēþ	*bohtīd
3rd plural	*buggjēn	*bohtīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*bugi
Plural	*bugiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*buggjandī	*boht

Descendants

Old English: byċġan, biċġan
- Middle English: byen, bien, biggen, buggen
  - English: buy
  - Scots: by
  - Yola: bidge
Old Saxon: buggian, buggean
Old High German: *buggen
- ⇒ Old High German: bugidi
- ⇒ Old High German: bugihaft

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[bugʲgʲan]”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[bugʲgʲan]”

[1]