Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harmijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *harmijaną. Equivalent to *harm +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*harmijan

  1. to harm, injure
  2. to shame

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *harmijan
1st sg. past *harmidā
Infinitive *harmijan
Genitive infin. *harmijannjas
Dative infin. *harmijannjē
Instrum. infin. *harmijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *harmiju *harmidā
2nd singular *harmisi *harmidēs, *harmidōs
3rd singular *harmiþi *harmidē, *harmidā
1st plural *harmijum *harmidum
2nd plural *harmiþ *harmidud
3rd plural *harmijanþ *harmidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *harmijē *harmidī
2nd singular *harmijēs *harmidī
3rd singular *harmijē *harmidī
1st plural *harmijēm *harmidīm
2nd plural *harmijēþ *harmidīd
3rd plural *harmijēn *harmidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *harmi
Plural *harmiþ
Present Past
Participle *harmijandī *harmid

Descendants

  • Old Saxon: hermian
  • Old Dutch: hermen
  • → Old French: *harnir, *hernir, *hergner
    • Middle French: hergner
    • ⇒ Old French: hergnos (“evil, harmful”)
  • Old High German: hermen
    • Middle High German: hermen
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