Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pundijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *pundu (“enclosure, lock”) +‎ *-jan

Verb

*pundijan

  1. to enclose (animals, water, etc.)
    Synonyms: *bilūkan, *dammijan
  2. to lock up
    Synonyms: *leukan, *skuttijan, *sleutan

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive *pundijan
1st sg. past *pundidā
Infinitive *pundijan
Genitive infin. *pundijannjas
Dative infin. *pundijannjē
Instrum. infin. *pundijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *pundiju *pundidā
2nd singular *pundisi *pundidēs, *pundidōs
3rd singular *pundiþi *pundidē, *pundidā
1st plural *pundijum *pundidum
2nd plural *pundiþ *pundidud
3rd plural *pundijanþ *pundidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *pundijē *pundidī
2nd singular *pundijēs *pundidī
3rd singular *pundijē *pundidī
1st plural *pundijēm *pundidīm
2nd plural *pundijēþ *pundidīd
3rd plural *pundijēn *pundidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *pundi
Plural *pundiþ
Present Past
Participle *pundijandī *pundid

Descendants

  • Old English: *pyndan
    • Middle English: pynden, pende, peynde, poyne, puinde, pynde (coalesced with descendant of ġepyndan)
      • English: pind (dialectal)
      • Middle Scots: poynd, puynd
    • → Old Norse: pynda
  • Old Frisian: *penda
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: bipenda (“to lock up, make inaccessible”)
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