Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/qid

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *keˀt (per Werner 2002)
  • *kʰeˀt (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *qed (per Fortescue-Vajda 2022)
  • *xet (per Cologne group 2023 & 2024. Pattern: k.1-t.1)

Etymology

Noun

*qid (irregular plural *ɟen-Vŋ)

  1. man, person

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Ket: кеʼт (kɛˀt, keˀt)
    • Yug: кэʼт (kɛˀt)
  • Proto-Ketic *ba-kɛˀt (“old man”)
  • Proto-Kottic: *il-qit (“man”, literally “?-man”)
    • ⇒ Kott: ilit (“man”)
  • Proto-Kottic: *cad-qid (“husband”, literally “husband-person”)
    • ⇒ Kott: hatkît (“husband”)
  • Proto-Kottic: *qid-aɢ (“body”, literally “person-area”)
    • ⇒ Kott: hitax, hitag (“body”)
  • Arinic:
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Jie: 羯 (*kjot /⁠*kɨat̚⁠/, “Jié people”)[1]
    • Pumpokol: kit, hit
      • ⇒ Pumpokol: chei-kit (“elder brother”)
  • →? Proto-Selkup: *ke̮ćə
    • Southern Selkup: каҗь (kaǯ’, “slave, servant, worker”)

References

  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander, Vajda, Edward, de la Vaissière, Étienne (2016) “Who Were the *Kjet (羯) and What Language Did They Speak?”, in Journal Asiatique‎[1], volume 304, number 1, →DOI

Further reading

  • Bonmann, Svenja, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Hill, Eugen (2023) “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[2], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 55 of 39-82
  • Hill, Eugen, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Svenja, Bonmann (2024) “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[3], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 234 of 216-293
  • Fortescue, Michael, Vajda, Edward (2022) “PY *e”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 268
  • Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “*kʰeˀt (1, 2, 3)”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, pages 464-465
  • Vajda, Edward (2024) The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[5], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 377, 388
  • Vajda, Edward (2024) “*qid (Table 18)”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[6], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 422
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002) “²kɛˀt (I, II)”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 420-421
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005) “man (human being)”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 308
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