Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/tʳejkʷ

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *tVχV (per Werner 2002)
  • *tʰig (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *tʳejx (per Vajda 2022)

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Na-Dene *trˀiCx (“vessel, boat”); Proto-Athabaskan *čʳˀiˑx (“canoe”), with Na-Dene reconstruction being Vajda's own.

Noun

*tʳejkʷ (plural *tʳejkʷ-Vŋ)

  1. (vehicles) boat
    Synonym: *ɢajb

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Ket: тии (tíì)
    • Yug: тии (tíì)
  • Kottic:
    • Kott: tʰêg
  • Arinic:
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: tɨg
  • → Yakut: тыы (tıı, “boat, a light skiff”)
  • ⇒ Proto-Yeniseian: *xuɬ-tʳejkʷ (“water vessel”)
    • Ketic: (with *xuɬ dropped, stress on the penultimate syllable)
    • Kottic:
      • Assan: ultéːj, uttéːj (“boat made of birchbark”)
    • Arinic:
      • Arin: kulteːj (“vessel of birchbark or leather”)

Further reading

  • Fortescue, Michael, Vajda, Edward (2022) “74.) *tʳejx”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 360
  • Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “*tʰig”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 883
  • Vajda, Edward (2024) “*tʳejkʷ/*[xuɬ]tʳejkʷ”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[2], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 420
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 268
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