arnaquer
French
Etymology
Believed to originally stem from a Picard cognate of arnacher or harnacher (“to dress up ridiculously”).
Compare with Hebrew word ארנק (translit. "arnaq") for meaningful links with this term.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aʁ.na.ke/
Audio: (file)
Verb
arnaquer
Conjugation
Conjugation of arnaquer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | arnaquer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | arnaquant /aʁ.na.kɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | arnaqué /aʁ.na.ke/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arnaque /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaques /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaque /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaquons /aʁ.na.kɔ̃/ |
arnaquez /aʁ.na.ke/ |
arnaquent /aʁ.nak/ |
| imperfect | arnaquais /aʁ.na.kɛ/ |
arnaquais /aʁ.na.kɛ/ |
arnaquait /aʁ.na.kɛ/ |
arnaquions /aʁ.na.kjɔ̃/ |
arnaquiez /aʁ.na.kje/ |
arnaquaient /aʁ.na.kɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | arnaquai /aʁ.na.ke/ |
arnaquas /aʁ.na.ka/ |
arnaqua /aʁ.na.ka/ |
arnaquâmes /aʁ.na.kam/ |
arnaquâtes /aʁ.na.kat/ |
arnaquèrent /aʁ.na.kɛʁ/ | |
| future | arnaquerai /aʁ.na.kʁe/ |
arnaqueras /aʁ.na.kʁa/ |
arnaquera /aʁ.na.kʁa/ |
arnaquerons /aʁ.na.kʁɔ̃/ |
arnaquerez /aʁ.na.kʁe/ |
arnaqueront /aʁ.na.kʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | arnaquerais /aʁ.na.kʁɛ/ |
arnaquerais /aʁ.na.kʁɛ/ |
arnaquerait /aʁ.na.kʁɛ/ |
arnaquerions /aʁ.na.kə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
arnaqueriez /aʁ.na.kə.ʁje/ |
arnaqueraient /aʁ.na.kʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | arnaque /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaques /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaque /aʁ.nak/ |
arnaquions /aʁ.na.kjɔ̃/ |
arnaquiez /aʁ.na.kje/ |
arnaquent /aʁ.nak/ |
| imperfect2 | arnaquasse /aʁ.na.kas/ |
arnaquasses /aʁ.na.kas/ |
arnaquât /aʁ.na.ka/ |
arnaquassions /aʁ.na.ka.sjɔ̃/ |
arnaquassiez /aʁ.na.ka.sje/ |
arnaquassent /aʁ.na.kas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | arnaque /aʁ.nak/ |
— | arnaquons /aʁ.na.kɔ̃/ |
arnaquez /aʁ.na.ke/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “arnaquer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
- arnaquer – Larousse