b'

See also: Appendix:Variations of "b"

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bˠ/ (before (fh)a, (fh)á, (fh)o, (fh)ó, (fh)u, (fh)ú)
IPA^(key): /bʲ/ (before (fh)e, (fh)é, (fh)i, (fh)í)

Particle

b’

apocopic form of ba
B’fhearr liom cupán tae.
I’d prefer a cup of tea.

Usage notes

This form is used before words beginning with a vowel or fh followed by a vowel, except not before the pronouns é, ea, í, iad.

Derived terms

b’fhéidir

Related terms

Irish copular forms
simple copular forms
		affirmative	negative	interrogative	negative interrogative
present/future
main clause		is	ní	an	nach
relative clause	direct	is	nach	–
relative clause	indirect	ar, arb^v		–
other subordinate clause		gur, gurb^v		an	nach
past/conditional
main clause		ba, b’^v	níor, níorbh^v	ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
relative clause	direct	ba, ab^v	nár, nárbh^v	–
relative clause	indirect	ar, arbh^v		–
other subordinate clause		gur, gurbh^v		ar, arbh^v	nár, nárbh^v
present subjunctive
–		gura, gurab^v	nára, nárab^v	–

compound copular forms
base word		present/future		past/conditional
cá		cár, cárb^v		cár, cárbh^v
cé		cér, cérb^v		cér, cérbh^v
dá		–		dá mba, dá mb’^v
de/do		dar, darb^v		dar, darbh^v
faoi		faoinar, faoinarb^v		faoinar, faoinarbh^v
i		inar, inarb^v		inar, inarbh^v
le		lenar, lenarb^v		lenar, lenarbh^v
má		más		má ba, má b’^v
mura		mura, murab^v		murar, murarbh^v
ó (preposition)		ónar, ónarb^v		ónar, ónarbh^v
ó (conjunction)		ós		ó ba, ó b’^v
trí		trínar, trínarb^v		trínar, trínarbh^v

^v Used before vowel sounds

Mutation

Mutated forms of b'
radical	lenition	eclipsis
b'	bh'	mb'

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Maltese

Alternative forms

bi (before a consonant cluster)
imb (in fixed expressions)

Etymology

From Arabic بِ (bi).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /b/ (before a vowel, sonorant, or voiced obstruent)
IPA^(key): /p/ (before a voiceless obstruent)

Preposition

b’

with (chiefly an ingredient, means, concomitant, quality)
Antonym: bla
times, (multiplied) by
erbgħa b’erbgħa jiġu sittax ― four times four equals sixteen

għamel erbgħa b’erbgħa ― multiply four by four

Inflection

Inflected forms of b’
Personal-pronoun- including forms		singular		plural
Personal-pronoun- including forms		m	f	plural
1^st person		bija		bina
2^nd person		bik		bikom
3^rd person		bih	biha	bihom

Definite forms
Xemxin				Qamrin
biċ- · bid- · bin- bir- · bis- · bit- · bix- · biz- · biż-				†bil- †form is bl- before a vowel, h, or għ

See also

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /p-/
Hyphenation: b'

Verb

b'

Form of bu used before vowels and fh-

References

Mark, Colin (2003) “bu”, in The Gaelic–English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 96

Yola

Verb

b'

apocopic form of ba (“to be”)
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:
  Yith w'had any lhuck, oor naame wode b' zung,
  If we had any luck, our name would have been sung
- 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:
  Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearnt up ee skee.
  Our eyes would be dazzled to look up to the sky.

References

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 86