beinn

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse beinn, from Proto-Germanic *bainaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /peitn/
  • Rhymes: -eitn

Adjective

beinn (comparative beinni, superlative beinastur)

  1. straight, right
    Maðurinn stendur beinn.
    The man stands straight.
  2. (television) live

Declension

Positive forms of beinn
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinn bein beint
accusative beinan beina
dative beinum beinni beinu
genitive beins beinnar beins
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinir beinar bein
accusative beina
dative beinum
genitive beinna
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beini beina beina
acc/dat/gen beina beinu
plural (all-case) beinu
Comparative forms of beinn
weak declension
(definite) 		masculine feminine neuter
singular (all-case) beinni beinni beinna
plural (all-case) beinni
Superlative forms of beinn
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinastur beinust beinast
accusative beinastan beinasta
dative beinustum beinastri beinustu
genitive beinasts beinastrar beinasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinastir beinastar beinust
accusative beinasta
dative beinustum
genitive beinastra
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinasti beinasta beinasta
acc/dat/gen beinasta beinustu
plural (all-case) beinustu

Derived terms

Irish

Pronunciation

Verb

beinn

  1. first-person singular past subjunctive of bí

Mutation

Mutated forms of beinn
radical lenition eclipsis
beinn bheinn mbeinn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 52

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish benn (“peak, point, prong, pinnacle”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *bandā (“peak, top”).

Noun

beinn m (genitive singular beinnee, plural beinnyn or binn)

  1. mountain
    Synonyms: muyne, slieau
  2. ben
  3. summit, pinnacle, apex
    Synonyms: ard-veinn, baare, mullagh
  4. tine of deer

Mutation

Mutation of beinn
radical lenition eclipsis
beinn veinn meinn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Manx.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “benn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • ·beind

Verb

·beinn

  1. inflection of at·tá:
    1. first-person singular conditional
    2. first-person singular past subjunctive

Mutation

Mutation of ·beinn
radical lenition nasalization
·beinn ·beinn
pronounced with /βʲ-/		 ·mbeinn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *bainaz.

Adjective

beinn (comparative beinari, superlative beinastr)

  1. straight, right
    • Kormákr Ǫgmundarson, Sigurðardrápa stanza 3:
      Eykr með ennidúki · jarðhljótr día fjarðar
      breyti, hún sás beinan · bindr; […]
      The land-recipient (RULER) who secures the straight mast endows the plower of the firth of the gods (POET) with a headband. […]
  2. hospitable
Declension
Strong declension of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinn bein beint
accusative beinan beina beint
dative beinum beinni beinu
genitive beins beinnar beins
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinir beinar bein
accusative beina beinar bein
dative beinum beinum beinum
genitive beinna beinna beinna
Weak declension of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beini beina beina
accusative beina beinu beina
dative beina beinu beina
genitive beina beinu beina
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinu beinu beinu
accusative beinu beinu beinu
dative beinum beinum beinum
genitive beinu beinu beinu
Declension of comparative of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinari beinari beinara
accusative beinara beinari beinara
dative beinara beinari beinara
genitive beinara beinari beinara
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinari beinari beinari
accusative beinari beinari beinari
dative beinurum beinurum beinurum
genitive beinari beinari beinari
Strong declension of superlative of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinastr beinust beinast
accusative beinastan beinasta beinast
dative beinustum beinastri beinustu
genitive beinasts beinastrar beinasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinastir beinastar beinust
accusative beinasta beinastar beinust
dative beinustum beinustum beinustum
genitive beinastra beinastra beinastra
Weak declension of superlative of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinasti beinasta beinasta
accusative beinasta beinustu beinasta
dative beinasta beinustu beinasta
genitive beinasta beinustu beinasta
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinustu beinustu beinustu
accusative beinustu beinustu beinustu
dative beinustum beinustum beinustum
genitive beinustu beinustu beinustu
Descendants
Descendants
  • Icelandic: beinn
  • Faroese: beinur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bein
  • Norwegian Bokmål: ben, bein
  • Swedish: bena
  • Danish: ben
  • → Middle English: beyn, bayn, bayne, bain

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “beinn”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Etymology 2

From bein n (“bone, leg”), from Proto-Germanic *bainą, also from *bainaz.

Adjective

beinn

  1. (in compounds) -legged
Declension
Strong declension of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinn bein beint
accusative beinan beina beint
dative beinum beinni beinu
genitive beins beinnar beins
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinir beinar bein
accusative beina beinar bein
dative beinum beinum beinum
genitive beinna beinna beinna
Weak declension of beinn
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beini beina beina
accusative beina beinu beina
dative beina beinu beina
genitive beina beinu beina
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative beinu beinu beinu
accusative beinu beinu beinu
dative beinum beinum beinum
genitive beinu beinu beinu
Derived terms
  • berbeinn (“bare-legged”)
  • digrbeinn (“thick-legged”)

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “beinn”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 46; also available at the Internet Archive

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From the dative-locative singular of Old Irish benn (“peak, point, pinnacle”),[1] from Proto-Celtic *bandā (“peak, top”). The development of this case form to a noun in its own right may be due to the substrate influence of the cognate Pictish/Proto-Brythonic *bann, or the non-cognate *penn. Doublet of beann.[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

beinn f (genitive singular beinne, plural beanntan or beanntanan or beanntaichean, genitive plural beann)

  1. mountain, hill
    Synonyms: monadh, sliabh
    mar an ceò thall air a' bheinn ― as the distant mist on the hill
  2. pinnacle
  3. bin
  4. head, top, high place

Declension

Declension of beinn (irregular)
indefinite
singular plural
nominative beinn beanntan
genitive beinne beann
dative beinn beanntan
definite
singular plural
nominative (a') bheinn (na) beanntan
genitive (na) beinne (nam) beann
dative (a') bheinn (na) beanntan
vocative bheinn bheannta

Derived terms

Descendants

Mutation

Mutation of beinn
radical lenition
beinn bheinn

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “benn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ James, Alan G. (2020) The Brittonic Language in the Old North - A Guide to the Place-Name Evidence‎[1], volume 2, The Journal of Scottish Name Studies
  3. ^ Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966) Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  4. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  5. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  6. ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1941) “The dialects of Skye and Ross-shire”, in A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, volume II, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap, page 11
  7. ^ Roy Wentworth (2003) Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR, →ISBN

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “beinn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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