brukti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bruś/k-,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruḱ-.[1] Cognates include Bulgarian бръсна (brǎsna, “to shave”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈbrʊkʲtʲɪ]

Verb

brùkti (third-person present tense brùka, third-person past tense brùko) [2]

  1. (transitive) to shove, thrust
    brùkti rankàs į̇̃ kišenès[2] - to shove the hands into the pockets
  2. (transitive) (to press to buy): to thrust, force
    brùkti prẽkę[2] - to force the goods
  3. (transitive) to drive
    brùkti árklius[2] - to drive the horses
  4. (transitive) (flax) to scutch
    linùs brùkti[2] - to scutch the flax

Conjugation

Conjugation of brukti
singular vienaskaita plural daugiskaita
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
aš tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative
tiesioginė
nuosaka
 present
esamasis laikas
 bruku bruki bruka brukame,
brukam 		brukate,
brukat 		bruka
past
būtasis kartinis
laikas
 brukau brukai bruko brukome,
brukom 		brukote,
brukot 		bruko
past frequentative
būtasis dažninis
laikas
 brukdavau brukdavai brukdavo brukdavome,
brukdavom 		brukdavote,
brukdavot 		brukdavo
future
būsimasis laikas
 bruksiu bruksi bruks bruksime,
bruksim 		bruksite,
bruksit 		bruks
subjunctive
tariamoji nuosaka
 brukčiau bruktum,
bruktumei 		bruktų bruktumėme,
bruktumėm,
bruktume 		bruktumėte,
bruktumėt 		bruktų
imperative
liepiamoji nuosaka
 — bruk,
bruki 		tebruka,
tebrukie 		brukime,
brukim 		brukite,
brukit 		tebruka,
tebrukie
Participles of brukti
adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present brukąs, brukantis brukamas
past brukęs bruktas
past frequentative brukdavęs —
future bruksiąs, bruksiantis bruksimas
participle of necessity — bruktinas
adverbial
special pusdalyvis brukdamas
half-participle
padalyviai
 present brukant
past brukus
past frequentative brukdavus
future bruksiant
manner of action būdinys brukte, bruktinai

Synonyms

  • (to shove): kišti, sprausti, terpti
  • (to drive): grūsti, varyti

Derived terms

verbs derived from brukti
  • api-brukti
  • (reflexive) bruktis
  • iš-brukti
  • į-brukti
    • (reflexive) į-si-brukti
  • nu-brukti
  • pa-brukti
  • su-brukti
    • (reflexive) su-si-brukti
  • už-brukti
nouns derived from brukti
  • brukė́jas m, brukė́ja f
  • bruki̇̀mas m (verbal noun)

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 65.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 “brukti” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
  • “brukti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
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