concná

Old Irish

Etymology

A hapax legomenon only found once in the folk-etymological glossary Sanas Cormaic, made c. 900. From Proto-Celtic *komknāyeti (“to chew”), a compound of *kom- +‎ *knāyeti (“to gnaw”). Cognate with Welsh cynghnoi (“to chew”).^[1]

Verb

con·cná (verbal noun cocnam)

(hapax legomenon) to chew
- c. 900, Sanas Cormaic, from Bodleian MS Laud 610, Corm. La 2
  Con·cná in fili mír do charnu dirg muice ł chon no chaitt ⁊ da·bir iarum for licc iar cul na comlad ⁊ di·chain dichetal fair...
  The poet chews on a piece of flesh from a red pig, a dog, or a cat, and puts it afterwards on the flag[stone] behind the door, and recites an incantation on it...

Inflection

Complex, class A III present
		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd	singular	plural
present indicative	deut.			con·cná
present indicative	prot.

imperfect indicative	deut.
imperfect indicative	prot.

preterite	deut.
preterite	prot.

perfect	deut.
perfect	prot.

future	deut.
future	prot.

conditional	deut.
conditional	prot.

present subjunctive	deut.
present subjunctive	prot.

past subjunctive	deut.
past subjunctive	prot.

imperative

verbal noun		cocnam
past participle
verbal of necessity

Descendants

Middle Irish: con·cnaí, cocnaid
- Irish: cogain
- Scottish Gaelic: cagainn
- Manx: caigney (verbal noun)

Mutation

Mutation of *con·cná*
radical	lenition	nasalization
con·cná	con·chná	con·cná pronounced with /ɡ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “*knā-i̯e/o-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 418