Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (verb): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /tʼaˈʃaɾ/ → /tʼaˈɾaʃ/ → /tʼəˈɾaʃ/ → /tʼəˈɾaʃ/
- (adjective): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈtʼaːʃiɾ/ → /ˈtʼaːɾiʃ/ → /ˈtʼaːɾəʃ/ → /ˈtʼoːɾəʃ/
- (noun): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈtʼuːʃVɾ/ → /ˈtʼuːʃVʔ/ → /ˈtʼuːʃa/ → /ˈtʼeːʃə/
Verb
3-lit.
- (intransitive) to be(come) red
- (intransitive, of gods, faces, eyes, and hearts) to be(come) red with fury, to be(come) apoplectic
Inflection
Conjugation of dšr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: dšr, geminated stem: dšrr
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
dšr
|
dšrw, dšr
|
dšrt
|
dšr
|
dšr
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
dšr
|
ḥr dšr
|
m dšr
|
r dšr
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
| perfect
|
dšr.n
|
consecutive
|
dšr.jn
|
| terminative
|
dšrt
|
| perfective3
|
dšr
|
obligative1
|
dšr.ḫr
|
| imperfective
|
dšr
|
| prospective3
|
dšr
|
potentialis1
|
dšr.kꜣ
|
| subjunctive
|
dšr
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
dšr.n
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
dšr
|
dšr
|
dšr, dšrw5, dšry5
|
| imperfective
|
dšr, dšry, dšrw5
|
dšr, dšrj6, dšry6
|
dšr, dšrw5
|
| prospective
|
dšr, dšrtj7
|
dšrtj4, dšrt4
|
1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of dšr
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| dšr
|
dšr
|
dš
|
dš
|
dšr
|
dšr
|
|
|
[common since the Middle Kingdom]
|
Derived terms
- pr-dšr
- dšr jb (“angry”)
- dšrw (“blood”)
- dšrw (“anger”)
- dšr ḥr (“angry”)
- dšrt (“desert”)
- dšrt (“the Red Crown”)
- dšrt (“anger”)
Descendants
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲣⲟϣ (throš)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲣⲟϣ (troš)
Adjective
- perfective active participle of dšr: red
Inflection
Declension of dšr (perfective active participle)
|
|
masculine
|
feminine
|
| singular
|
dšr
|
dšrt
|
| dual
|
dšrwj
|
dšrtj
|
| plural
|
dšrw
|
dšrwt1, dšrt2
|
1 Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
2 From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
Descendants
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣϣ (tōrš)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲱⲣϣ (thōrš)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣϣ (tōrš)
See also
Noun
m
- flamingo
Inflection
Declension of dšr (masculine)
| singular
|
dšr
|
| dual
|
dšrwj
|
| plural
|
dšrw
|
Descendants
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲏϣⲓ (etēši), ⲉⲧⲉϣⲓ (eteši)
References
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 487.9–490.13
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 316