fisha

Swahili

Etymology

Cognate with Chichewa -fetsa (“to cause to die”) and Zulu -físa (“to kill”).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-fisha (infinitive kufisha)

  1. Causative form of -fa: to murder, kill
    Synonym: -ua

Conjugation

Conjugation of -fisha
Positive present -nafisha
Subjunctive -fishe
Negative -fishi
Imperative singular fisha
Infinitives
Positive kufisha
Negative kutofisha
Imperatives
Singular fisha
Plural fisheni
Tensed forms
Habitual hufisha
Positive past positive subject concord + -lifisha
Negative past negative subject concord + -kufisha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafisha)
Singular Plural
1st person ninafisha/nafisha tunafisha
2nd person unafisha mnafisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anafisha wanafisha
other classes positive subject concord + -nafisha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -fishi)
Singular Plural
1st person sifishi hatufishi
2nd person hufishi hamfishi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hafishi hawafishi
other classes negative subject concord + -fishi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tafisha
Negative future negative subject concord + -tafisha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -fishe)
Singular Plural
1st person nifishe tufishe
2nd person ufishe mfishe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afishe wafishe
other classes positive subject concord + -fishe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sifishe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngefisha
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singefisha
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalifisha
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalifisha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afisha)
Singular Plural
1st person nafisha twafisha
2nd person wafisha mwafisha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) afisha wafisha
m-mi(III/IV) wafisha yafisha
ji-ma(V/VI) lafisha yafisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chafisha vyafisha
n(IX/X) yafisha zafisha
u(XI) wafisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwafisha
pa(XVI) pafisha
mu(XVIII) mwafisha
Perfect positive subject concord + -mefisha
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshafisha
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jafisha
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kifisha
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipofisha
Consecutive kafisha / positive subject concord + -kafisha
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kafishe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nifisha -tufisha
2nd person -kufisha -wafisha/-kufisheni/-wafisheni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mfisha -wafisha
m-mi(III/IV) -ufisha -ifisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lifisha -yafisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kifisha -vifisha
n(IX/X) -ifisha -zifisha
u(XI) -ufisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kufisha
pa(XVI) -pafisha
mu(XVIII) -mufisha
Reflexive -jifisha
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -fisha- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -fishaye -fishao
m-mi(III/IV) -fishao -fishayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -fishalo -fishayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -fishacho -fishavyo
n(IX/X) -fishayo -fishazo
u(XI) -fishao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -fishako
pa(XVI) -fishapo
mu(XVIII) -fishamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -fisha)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yefisha -ofisha
m-mi(III/IV) -ofisha -yofisha
ji-ma(V/VI) -lofisha -yofisha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chofisha -vyofisha
n(IX/X) -yofisha -zofisha
u(XI) -ofisha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kofisha
pa(XVI) -pofisha
mu(XVIII) -mofisha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Swazi

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

-físha

  1. short

Inflection

Adjective concord
modifier copulative
1st singular lengimfisha ngimfisha
2nd singular lomfisha umfisha
1st plural lesibafisha sibafisha
2nd plural lenibafisha nibafisha
class 1 lomfisha mfisha
class 2 labafisha bafisha
class 3 lomfisha mfisha
class 4 lemifisha mifisha
class 5 lelifisha lifisha
class 6 lamafisha mafisha
class 7 lesifisha sifisha
class 8 letimfisha timfisha
class 9 lemfisha imfisha
class 10 letimfisha timfisha
class 11 lolufisha lufisha
class 14 lobufisha bufisha
class 15 lokufisha kufisha
class 17 lokufisha kufisha

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

-fisha?

  1. synonym of -fuphi

Inflection

Adjective concord
modifier copulative
positive negative positive negative
1st singular engimfisha engingemfisha ngimfisha angimfisha
2nd singular omfisha ongemfisha umfisha awumfisha
1st plural esibafisha esingebafisha sibafisha asibafisha
2nd plural enibafisha eningebafisha nibafisha anibafisha
class 1 omfisha ongemfisha mfisha akamfisha
class 2 abafisha abangebafisha bafisha ababafisha
class 3 omfisha ongemfisha mfisha awumfisha
class 4 emifisha engemifisha mifisha ayimifisha
class 5 elifisha elingelifisha lifisha alilifisha
class 6 amafisha angemafisha mafisha awamafisha
class 7 esifisha esingesifisha sifisha asisifisha
class 8 ezimfisha ezingezimfisha zimfisha azizimfisha
class 9 emfisha engemfisha, engeyimfisha imfisha, yimfisha ayiyimfisha
class 10 ezimfisha ezingezimfisha zimfisha azizimfisha
class 11 olufisha olungelufisha lufisha alulufisha
class 14 obufisha obungebufisha bufisha abubufisha
class 15 okufisha okungekufisha kufisha akukufisha
class 17 okufisha okungekufisha kufisha akukufisha

References

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