forfen

Old Irish

Etymology

for- +‎ Proto-Celtic *winati (enclose (with a wattle fence)), from Proto-Indo-European *wyeh₁- (to weave, plait). The Old Irish simplex *fenaid is unattested.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɸorˈɸʲen]

Verb

for·fen (verbal noun forbae)

  1. to finish, to complete
  2. to fulfill, to achieve

Inflection

Complex, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative deut. for·fiun for·fen for·fenar
prot. ·farbanar
imperfect indicative deut.
prot.
preterite deut.
prot.
perfect deut. for·ruchui far·cuadh (normalized for·cúad)
prot. ·forchui
future deut.
prot.
conditional deut.
prot.
present subjunctive deut. for·fiat
prot. ·farfia
past subjunctive deut.
prot.
imperative
verbal noun forbae
past participle foirbthe
verbal of necessity

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: forbaid

Mutation

Mutation of for·fen
radical lenition nasalization
for·fen for·ḟen for·fen
pronounced with /β̃ʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “Urkelt. *-wi-na- ‘flechten, biegen’”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 688f.

Further reading