Swahili
Etymology
From the same root as -funua + -ika (stative). From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-funika (infinitive kufunika)
- to cover, to conceal
- to encompass, to overwhelm
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -funika
|
| Positive present
|
-nafunika
|
| Subjunctive
|
-funike
|
| Negative
|
-funiki
|
| Imperative singular
|
funika
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
funika
|
| Plural
|
funikeni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hufunika
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lifunika
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kufunika
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafunika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninafunika/nafunika
|
tunafunika
|
| 2nd person
|
unafunika
|
mnafunika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anafunika
|
wanafunika
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nafunika
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -funiki)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sifuniki
|
hatufuniki
|
| 2nd person
|
hufuniki
|
hamfuniki
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hafuniki
|
hawafuniki
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -funiki
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tafunika
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tafunika
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -funike)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nifunike
|
tufunike
|
| 2nd person
|
ufunike
|
mfunike
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunike
|
wafunike
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -funike
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sifunike
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngefunika
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singefunika
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalifunika
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalifunika
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afunika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nafunika
|
twafunika
|
| 2nd person
|
wafunika
|
mwafunika
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunika
|
wafunika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wafunika
|
yafunika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lafunika
|
yafunika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chafunika
|
vyafunika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yafunika
|
zafunika
|
| u(XI)
|
wafunika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwafunika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pafunika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwafunika
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mefunika
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshafunika
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jafunika
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kifunika
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipofunika
|
| Consecutive
|
kafunika / positive subject concord + -kafunika
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kafunike
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nifunika
|
-tufunika
|
| 2nd person
|
-kufunika
|
-wafunika/-kufunikeni/-wafunikeni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mfunika
|
-wafunika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ufunika
|
-ifunika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lifunika
|
-yafunika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kifunika
|
-vifunika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ifunika
|
-zifunika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ufunika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufunika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pafunika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mufunika
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jifunika
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -funika- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-funikaye
|
-funikao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-funikao
|
-funikayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-funikalo
|
-funikayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-funikacho
|
-funikavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-funikayo
|
-funikazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-funikao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-funikako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-funikapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-funikamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -funika)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yefunika
|
-ofunika
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ofunika
|
-yofunika
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lofunika
|
-yofunika
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chofunika
|
-vyofunika
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yofunika
|
-zofunika
|
| u(XI)
|
-ofunika
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kofunika
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pofunika
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mofunika
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms