Swahili
Etymology
From the same root as -funika + -ua (conversive). From Proto-Bantu [Term?].
Pronunciation
Verb
-funua (infinitive kufunua)
- to discover, uncover
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -funua
|
| Positive present
|
-nafunua
|
| Subjunctive
|
-funue
|
| Negative
|
-funui
|
| Imperative singular
|
funua
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kufunua
|
| Negative
|
kutofunua
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
funua
|
| Plural
|
funueni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hufunua
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lifunua
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kufunua
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nafunua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninafunua/nafunua
|
tunafunua
|
| 2nd person
|
unafunua
|
mnafunua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anafunua
|
wanafunua
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nafunua
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -funui)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sifunui
|
hatufunui
|
| 2nd person
|
hufunui
|
hamfunui
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hafunui
|
hawafunui
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -funui
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tafunua
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tafunua
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -funue)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nifunue
|
tufunue
|
| 2nd person
|
ufunue
|
mfunue
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunue
|
wafunue
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -funue
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sifunue
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngefunua
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singefunua
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalifunua
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalifunua
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -afunua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nafunua
|
twafunua
|
| 2nd person
|
wafunua
|
mwafunua
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
afunua
|
wafunua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wafunua
|
yafunua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lafunua
|
yafunua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chafunua
|
vyafunua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yafunua
|
zafunua
|
| u(XI)
|
wafunua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwafunua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pafunua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwafunua
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mefunua
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshafunua
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jafunua
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kifunua
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipofunua
|
| Consecutive
|
kafunua / positive subject concord + -kafunua
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kafunue
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nifunua
|
-tufunua
|
| 2nd person
|
-kufunua
|
-wafunua/-kufunueni/-wafunueni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mfunua
|
-wafunua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ufunua
|
-ifunua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lifunua
|
-yafunua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kifunua
|
-vifunua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-ifunua
|
-zifunua
|
| u(XI)
|
-ufunua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kufunua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pafunua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mufunua
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jifunua
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -funua- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-funuaye
|
-funuao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-funuao
|
-funuayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-funualo
|
-funuayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-funuacho
|
-funuavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-funuayo
|
-funuazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-funuao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-funuako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-funuapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-funuamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -funua)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yefunua
|
-ofunua
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-ofunua
|
-yofunua
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lofunua
|
-yofunua
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chofunua
|
-vyofunua
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yofunua
|
-zofunua
|
| u(XI)
|
-ofunua
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kofunua
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pofunua
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mofunua
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms