hrista

Icelandic

From Old Norse hrista, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *krisd- (“to move about, frolic”), and cognate with Sanskrit क्रीड् (krīḍ, “to play”), but this is semantically tenuous.^[1]^[2]^[3]

hrista (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hristi, supine hrist)

to shake [with accusative]
Ekki hrista barnið svona!
Don't shake the kid like that!

*hrista* – active voice (*germynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitive nafnháttur		að hrista
supine sagnbót		hrist
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		hristandi

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	hristi	hristi	hristi	hristi
	þú	hristir	hristir	hristir	hristir
	hann, hún, það	hristir	hristi	hristi	hristi
plural	við	hristum	hristum	hristum	hristum
	þið	hristið	hristuð	hristið	hristuð
	þeir, þær, þau	hrista	hristu	hristi	hristu

		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	hrist (þú), hristu
plural	þið	hristið (þið), hristiði¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*hristast* – mediopassive voice (*miðmynd*)
		present nútíð	past þátíð	present nútíð	past þátíð
infinitive nafnháttur		að hristast
supine sagnbót		hrist
present participle lýsingarháttur nútíðar		hristandist (rare; see appendix)

		indicative framsöguháttur		subjunctive viðtengingarháttur
singular	ég	hristist	hristist	hristist	hristist
	þú	hristist	hristist	hristist	hristist
	hann, hún, það	hristist	hristist	hristist	hristist
plural	við	hristumst	hristumst	hristumst	hristumst
	þið	hristist	hristust	hristist	hristust
	þeir, þær, þau	hristast	hristust	hristist	hristust

		imperative boðháttur
singular	þú	hrist (þú), hristu
plural	þið	hristist (þið), hrististi¹

¹ Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

*hristur* — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
strong declension (sterk beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hristur	hrist	hrist	hristir	hristar	hrist
accusative (þolfall)	hristan	hrista	hrist	hrista	hristar	hrist
dative (þágufall)	hristum	hristri	hristu	hristum	hristum	hristum
genitive (eignarfall)	hrists	hristrar	hrists	hristra	hristra	hristra

weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)			plural (fleirtala)
weak declension (veik beyging)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	hristi	hrista	hrista	hristu	hristu	hristu
accusative (þolfall)	hrista	hristu	hrista	hristu	hristu	hristu
dative (þágufall)	hrista	hristu	hrista	hristu	hristu	hristu
genitive (eignarfall)	hrista	hristu	hrista	hristu	hristu	hristu

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 413
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 279
^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 281-2