kalendae

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *kalando- (gerundive), from *kalāndo- (gerundive), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, summon, cry out”). The original gerundive form likely meant “[things] which are called out.” When applied to days, the meaning referred to “days which are called out.” The gerundive was then substantivized, eventually coming to refer the first day of a month. This term is closely related to *kelō and Latin calō.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

kalendae f pl (genitive kalendārum); first declension

  1. (Ancient Rome) the calends, the first day of the month

Declension

First-declension noun, plural only.

plural
nominative kalendae
genitive kalendārum
dative kalendīs
accusative kalendās
ablative kalendīs
vocative kalendae

Descendants

  • Italo-Dalmatian:
    • Istriot: calenbre
    • Italian: calende
    • Neapolitan: calenne (Old Abruzzese), ⇒ calantrella (“hot summer afternoon”)
    • Sicilian: calanna, calenna, ⇒ carènnula (“ides of December”)
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Gallo-Italic:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Asturian: calienda
    • Old Galician-Portuguese: caenda
  • Borrowings:
    • Early:
      • → Ancient Greek: καλάνδαι (kalándai)
      • → Byzantine Greek: κάλανδα (kálanda)
      • Celtic:
        • → Breton: kal, ⇒ calemay
        • → Cornish: calan
        • → Irish: callain
        • → Welsh: calan
      • → Old French: calendes
      • → Proto-Slavic: *kolęda (see there for further descendants)
    • Late:

See also

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “calendae”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 82

Further reading

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