midithir

Old Irish

FWOTD – 14 March 2020

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *medyetor, from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure; give advice”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈmʲiðʲiθʲirʲ]

Verb

midithir (prototonic ·midethar, verbal noun mess)

to weigh, to judge, to estimate
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 27^a24
  Náchib·mided .i. náchib·berar i smachtu rechta fetarlicce, inna ndig et a mbiad, inna llíthu et a ssapati, act bad foirbthe far n‑iress.
  Let him not judge you, i.e. do not be borne into the institutions of the Law of the Old Testament, into their drink and their food, into their festivals and their sabbaths; but let your faith be perfect.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 56^c10
  a mmïastar
  when he will judge
to pass judgment (+ for (“on”))
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6^b22
  Ní latt aní ara·rethi et ní lat in cách forsa·mmitter.
  What you assail is not yours, and not everyone on whom you pass judgment is yours.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 30^c9
  Ní digénam-ni nach ngním forna mmestar-som.
  We will do no work on which he may not pass judgment.

Inflection

Simple, class B II present, suffixless preterite, s future, s subjunctive, deponent
		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd	singular	plural
present indicative	abs.	midiur	mitter	midithir	midimmir	mitte	miditir	mittir	miditir
	conj.	·midiur	·mitter, ·mmitter, ·midter	·midedar, ·midethar	·midemmar	·midid	·midetar	·mitter, ·mmitter	·midetar
	rel.			midedar, midethar	midemmar		midetar

imperfect indicative

preterite	abs.
	conj.	·mídar		·mídir, ·mídair			·mídatar	·mes, ·mess
	rel.

perfect	deut.	ro·mídar		ro·mídir, ru·mídair			ro·mídatar	ro·mes, ro·mess
perfect	prot.

future	abs.	messur, mesor	messer	mïastir, mïastair	messimir, messimmir	meste	messitir	mïastir, mïastair	messitir
	conj.	·messur, ·mesor	·messer	·mïastar, ·mmïastar, ·míastar	·messamar, ·messammar		·messatar	·mïastar, ·míastar	·messatar
	rel.			mïastar, míastar	messamar, messammar		messatar	mïastar, míastar	messatar

conditional

present subjunctive	abs.	messur, mesor	messer	mestir	messimir, messimmir	meste	messitir	mesair	messitir
	conj.	·messur, ·mesor	·messer	·mestar	·messamar, ·messammar		·messatar	·messar	·messatar
	rel.			mestar	messamar, messammar		messatar		messatar

past subjunctive		·messinn		·messed

imperative				mided		midid

verbal noun		mes, mess
past participle		messe, meisse
verbal of necessity		messi

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutation of *midithir*
radical	lenition	nasalization
midithir also mmidithir in h-prothesis environments	midithir pronounced with /β̃ʲ-/	midithir also mmidithir

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.