niteo

Latin

Etymology

Probably from a past participle Proto-Italic *nitos (“made bright”), from a root Proto-Indo-European *ney- (“to shine”).[1] Potential cognates would include Middle Irish níam (“splendor, gleam”), níamda (“shining”), as well as Sanskrit नील (nī́la, “dark-colored, dark blue”).

Pronunciation

Verb

niteō (present infinitive nitēre, perfect active nituī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem

  1. to be radiant, shine, look bright, glitter, sparkle, glisten
    Synonyms: candeō, ēniteō, splendeō, fulgeō, resplendeō, micō
  2. (figuratively, of animals) to be sleek or in good condition
  3. (figuratively, of fields, plants) to look flourishing or thriving; thrive
  4. (figuratively, of persons) to be brilliant, look bright or beautiful, shine
  5. (figuratively, of wealth) to flourish, abound
    Synonyms: flōreō, abundō, affluō, supersum, superfluō
    Antonyms: careō, egeō, dēsum, dēlinquō, deficiō, cessō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of niteō (second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present niteō nitēs nitet nitēmus nitētis nitent
imperfect nitēbam nitēbās nitēbat nitēbāmus nitēbātis nitēbant
future nitēbō nitēbis nitēbit nitēbimus nitēbitis nitēbunt
perfect nituī nituistī nituit nituimus nituistis nituērunt,
nituēre
pluperfect nitueram nituerās nituerat nituerāmus nituerātis nituerant
future perfect nituerō nitueris nituerit nituerimus nitueritis nituerint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present niteam niteās niteat niteāmus niteātis niteant
imperfect nitērem nitērēs nitēret nitērēmus nitērētis nitērent
perfect nituerim nituerīs nituerit nituerīmus nituerītis nituerint
pluperfect nituissem nituissēs nituisset nituissēmus nituissētis nituissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — nitē — — nitēte —
future — nitētō nitētō — nitētōte nitentō
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present nitēre — nitēns —
perfect nituisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
nitendī nitendō nitendum nitendō — —

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → English: nit

See also

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “niteō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 410

Further reading

  • “niteo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “niteo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • niteo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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