oboedio

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *óbawizdijō. By surface analysis, ob- +‎ audiō. In Latin, ob + audire would have been expected to become Classical Latin *obūdiō (compare in + claudō becoming inclūdō), but it has been theorized that the usual law court associations of the word for obeying encouraged a false archaism from ū to oe, to oboediō (compare Old Latin oinos → Classical Latin ūnus).

Pronunciation

Verb

oboediō (present infinitive oboedīre, perfect active oboedīvī or oboediī, supine oboedītum); fourth conjugation

  1. to obey, yield obedience to (+dative of person obeyed)
    Synonyms: obtemperō, obsequor, pāreō, mōrigeror
    Antonym: recalcitrō
  2. to be subject to, to serve
    Synonyms: serviō, appāreō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of oboediō (fourth conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present oboediō oboedīs oboedit oboedīmus oboedītis oboediunt
imperfect oboediēbam oboediēbās oboediēbat oboediēbāmus oboediēbātis oboediēbant
future oboediam oboediēs oboediet oboediēmus oboediētis oboedient
perfect oboedīvī,
oboediī 		oboedīvistī,
oboediistī 		oboedīvit,
oboediit 		oboedīvimus,
oboediimus 		oboedīvistis,
oboediistis 		oboedīvērunt,
oboedīvēre,
oboediērunt,
oboediēre
pluperfect oboedīveram,
oboedieram 		oboedīverās,
oboedierās 		oboedīverat,
oboedierat 		oboedīverāmus,
oboedierāmus 		oboedīverātis,
oboedierātis 		oboedīverant,
oboedierant
future perfect oboedīverō,
oboedierō 		oboedīveris,
oboedieris 		oboedīverit,
oboedierit 		oboedīverimus,
oboedierimus 		oboedīveritis,
oboedieritis 		oboedīverint,
oboedierint
passive present oboedior oboedīris,
oboedīre 		oboedītur oboedīmur oboedīminī oboediuntur
imperfect oboediēbar oboediēbāris,
oboediēbāre 		oboediēbātur oboediēbāmur oboediēbāminī oboediēbantur
future oboediar oboediēris,
oboediēre 		oboediētur oboediēmur oboediēminī oboedientur
perfect oboedītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect oboedītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect oboedītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present oboediam oboediās oboediat oboediāmus oboediātis oboediant
imperfect oboedīrem oboedīrēs oboedīret oboedīrēmus oboedīrētis oboedīrent
perfect oboedīverim,
oboedierim 		oboedīverīs,
oboedierīs 		oboedīverit,
oboedierit 		oboedīverīmus,
oboedierīmus 		oboedīverītis,
oboedierītis 		oboedīverint,
oboedierint
pluperfect oboedīvissem,
oboediissem 		oboedīvissēs,
oboediissēs 		oboedīvisset,
oboediisset 		oboedīvissēmus,
oboediissēmus 		oboedīvissētis,
oboediissētis 		oboedīvissent,
oboediissent
passive present oboediar oboediāris,
oboediāre 		oboediātur oboediāmur oboediāminī oboediantur
imperfect oboedīrer oboedīrēris,
oboedīrēre 		oboedīrētur oboedīrēmur oboedīrēminī oboedīrentur
perfect oboedītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect oboedītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — oboedī — — oboedīte —
future — oboedītō oboedītō — oboedītōte oboediuntō
passive present — oboedīre — — oboedīminī —
future — oboedītor oboedītor — — oboediuntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present oboedīre oboedīrī oboediēns —
future oboedītūrum esse oboedītum īrī oboedītūrus oboediendus,
oboediundus
perfect oboedīvisse,
oboediisse 		oboedītum esse — oboedītus
future perfect — oboedītum fore — —
perfect potential oboedītūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
oboediendī oboediendō oboediendum oboediendō oboedītum oboedītū

Derived terms

Descendants

  • From oboedire
    • Catalan: obeir
    • Friulian: ubidî
    • Italian: ubbidire, obbedire, ubidire (literary)
    • Piedmontese: ubidì
    • Sicilian: ubbidiri
    • → Old French: obeir (learned)
  • From *oboediscere

References

  • “oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “oboedio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • oboedio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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