opad
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- obbad
Etymology
From uss- + Proto-Celtic *-boudom.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈobað]
Noun
opad n
- verbal noun of as·boind: refusal
- c. 850, Carlsruhe Glosses on St Augustine’s Soliloquia, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 1–9, Acr. 1a1
- .i. opad fidei trinitatis
- that is, rejection of the faith of the Trinity
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 90b4
- nícon·talla obbad fair itir
- it does not admit of refusal at all
- c. 850, Carlsruhe Glosses on St Augustine’s Soliloquia, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 1–9, Acr. 1a1
Inflection
The gender is listed as masculine in DIL, but it at the same time labels the related and similarly formed apad (“proclamation”) as a neuter o-stem. Since they are formed like a root-based neuter o-stem verbal noun, they probably both are.
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | opadN | — | — |
| vocative | opadN | — | — |
| accusative | opadN | — | — |
| genitive | opaidL | — | — |
| dative | opadL | — | — |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
- H = triggers aspiration
- L = triggers lenition
- N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
- Irish: obadh
- Scottish Gaelic: obadh
Mutation
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| opad (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
opad | n-opad |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “opad, (obbad)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Polish
Etymology
Deverbal from opadać.
Pronunciation
Noun
opad m inan (related adjective opadowy)
- (chiefly in the plural) precipitation
- opady deszczu ― rainfall
- opady śniegu ― snowfall
Declension
Declension of opad
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | opad | opady |
| genitive | opadu | opadów |
| dative | opadowi | opadom |
| accusative | opad | opady |
| instrumental | opadem | opadami |
| locative | opadzie | opadach |
| vocative | opadzie | opady |
Derived terms
nouns
- opad Biernackiego
- opad pośmiertny
- opad promieniotwórczy