pha
Acehnese • Chichewa • Hokkien • Jarai • Lala (South Africa) • Northern Ndebele • Phuthi • Rade • Southern Ndebele • Swazi • Vietnamese • Xhosa • Zulu
Page categories
Translingual
Symbol
pha
See also
- Wiktionary’s coverage of Pa-Hng terms
Acehnese
Etymology
From Proto-Chamic *pha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa.
Noun
pha
References
- Durie, Mark, Bukhari Daud (1999) Acehnese–Indonesian–English Thesaurus[1], Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, page 30
Chichewa
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-jìpa.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /pʰa/
Verb
-pha (infinitive kuphá)
- to kill
Derived terms
- Verbal derivations:
- Nominal derivations:
- mpha (“killer”)
Hokkien
Etymology
Clipping of phă-siàn-tò͘, from Japanese パーセント (pāsento), from English percent.
Noun
pha
- (Taiwan) percent
Synonyms
Descendants
- → Mandarin: 趴 (pā)
Jarai
Etymology
From Proto-Chamic *pha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa.
Noun
pha (classifier ƀĕ)
References
- Lap Minh Siu (2009) A Preliminary Jarai - English Dictionary[2], Texas: Texas Tech University, page 98
Lala (South Africa)
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- to give
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- to give
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- to give
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Rade
Etymology
From Proto-Chamic *pha, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *paqa.
Noun
pha (classifier ƀĕ)
References
- James A. Tharp, Y-Bhăm Ƀuôn-yǎ (1980) A Rhade-English Dictionary with English-Rhade Finderlist (Pacific Linguistics. Series C-58)[3], Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, →ISBN, archived from the original on 1 November 2021, page 103
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- to give
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- to give
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Vietic *pʰaː (“to mix, to dilute”), itself derived from Old Chinese 敷 (OC *pʰ(r)a) (B-S) (SV: phu). Cognate with Muong pha, Tho [Cuối Chăm] pʰaː¹, Arem pʰæː and Chut [Rục] pʰaː¹.
Verb
pha
See also
Etymology 2
Noun
pha
- short, and astonishing and/or exciting, incident
- Vừa rồi quả là một pha ghi bàn ấn tượng!
- That was a nice goal!
- Quả là một pha nhào lộn ấn tượng!
- That was an amazing acrobatic move!
- (sciences) a phase; a stage
- Pha của dao động cơ là (ωt+φ), trong đó φ là pha ban đầu.
- The phase of a mechanical oscillation is (ωt+φ), with φ being the phase constant.
- Mỗi nhịp tim có năm pha.
- Each heartbeat involves five stages.
Etymology 3
Noun
pha
Etymology 4
Romanization
pha
- Sino-Vietnamese reading of 坡
- 2005 [1957–1959], chapter 2, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Nhà xuất bản Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Kim Dung [Jin Yong]:
- […] bên cạnh ghi năm chữ tiểu tự "Đông Pha cư sĩ viết", té ra là thủ bút của Tô Đông Pha.
- […] besides it were five small characters reading "written by Householder Dōngpō"; apparently this was Sū Dōngpō's handwriting.
- Sino-Vietnamese reading of 玻
- Sino-Vietnamese reading of 陂
- Sino-Vietnamese reading of 頗
Etymology 5
Noun
pha
- fa; F
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
- (transitive) to give
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-páa.
Verb
-phá
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukupha | ukungaphi | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | yipha | -phe | ||||
| plural | yiphani | -pheni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyapha, ngipha | engiphayo, engipha | ngipha | angiphi | engingaphi | ngingaphi |
| 2nd singular | uyapha, upha | ophayo, opha | upha | awuphi | ongaphi | ungaphi |
| 1st plural | siyapha, sipha | esiphayo, esipha | sipha | asiphi | esingaphi | singaphi |
| 2nd plural | niyapha, nipha | eniphayo, enipha | nipha | aniphi | eningaphi | ningaphi |
| class 1 | uyapha, upha | ophayo, opha | epha | akaphi | ongaphi | engaphi |
| class 2 | bayapha, bapha | abaphayo, abapha | bepha | abaphi | abangaphi | bengaphi |
| class 3 | uyapha, upha | ophayo, opha | upha | awuphi | ongaphi | ungaphi |
| class 4 | iyapha, ipha | ephayo, epha | ipha | ayiphi | engaphi | ingaphi |
| class 5 | liyapha, lipha | eliphayo, elipha | lipha | aliphi | elingaphi | lingaphi |
| class 6 | ayapha, apha | aphayo, apha | epha | awaphi | angaphi | engaphi |
| class 7 | siyapha, sipha | esiphayo, esipha | sipha | asiphi | esingaphi | singaphi |
| class 8 | ziyapha, zipha | eziphayo, ezipha | zipha | aziphi | ezingaphi | zingaphi |
| class 9 | iyapha, ipha | ephayo, epha | ipha | ayiphi | engaphi | ingaphi |
| class 10 | ziyapha, zipha | eziphayo, ezipha | zipha | aziphi | ezingaphi | zingaphi |
| class 11 | luyapha, lupha | oluphayo, olupha | lupha | aluphi | olungaphi | lungaphi |
| class 14 | buyapha, bupha | obuphayo, obupha | bupha | abuphi | obungaphi | bungaphi |
| class 15 | kuyapha, kupha | okuphayo, okupha | kupha | akuphi | okungaphi | kungaphi |
| class 17 | kuyapha, kupha | okuphayo, okupha | kupha | akuphi | okungaphi | kungaphi |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiphile, ngiphē | engiphile, engiphē | ngiphile, ngiphē | angiphanga | engingaphanga | ngingaphanga |
| 2nd singular | uphile, uphē | ophile, ophē | uphile, uphē | awuphanga | ongaphanga | ungaphanga |
| 1st plural | siphile, siphē | esiphile, esiphē | siphile, siphē | asiphanga | esingaphanga | singaphanga |
| 2nd plural | niphile, niphē | eniphile, eniphē | niphile, niphē | aniphanga | eningaphanga | ningaphanga |
| class 1 | uphile, uphē | ophile, ophē | ephile, ephē | akaphanga | ongaphanga | engaphanga |
| class 2 | baphile, baphē | abaphile, abaphē | bephile, bephē | abaphanga | abangaphanga | bengaphanga |
| class 3 | uphile, uphē | ophile, ophē | uphile, uphē | awuphanga | ongaphanga | ungaphanga |
| class 4 | iphile, iphē | ephile, ephē | iphile, iphē | ayiphanga | engaphanga | ingaphanga |
| class 5 | liphile, liphē | eliphile, eliphē | liphile, liphē | aliphanga | elingaphanga | lingaphanga |
| class 6 | aphile, aphē | aphile, aphē | ephile, ephē | awaphanga | angaphanga | engaphanga |
| class 7 | siphile, siphē | esiphile, esiphē | siphile, siphē | asiphanga | esingaphanga | singaphanga |
| class 8 | ziphile, ziphē | eziphile, eziphē | ziphile, ziphē | aziphanga | ezingaphanga | zingaphanga |
| class 9 | iphile, iphē | ephile, ephē | iphile, iphē | ayiphanga | engaphanga | ingaphanga |
| class 10 | ziphile, ziphē | eziphile, eziphē | ziphile, ziphē | aziphanga | ezingaphanga | zingaphanga |
| class 11 | luphile, luphē | oluphile, oluphē | luphile, luphē | aluphanga | olungaphanga | lungaphanga |
| class 14 | buphile, buphē | obuphile, obuphē | buphile, buphē | abuphanga | obungaphanga | bungaphanga |
| class 15 | kuphile, kuphē | okuphile, okuphē | kuphile, kuphē | akuphanga | okungaphanga | kungaphanga |
| class 17 | kuphile, kuphē | okuphile, okuphē | kuphile, kuphē | akuphanga | okungaphanga | kungaphanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāpha | engāpha | ngāpha | angiphanga | engingaphanga | ngingaphanga |
| 2nd singular | wāpha | owāpha | wāpha | awuphanga | ongaphanga | ungaphanga |
| 1st plural | sāpha | esāpha | sāpha | asiphanga | esingaphanga | singaphanga |
| 2nd plural | nāpha | enāpha | nāpha | aniphanga | eningaphanga | ningaphanga |
| class 1 | wāpha | owāpha | āpha | akaphanga | ongaphanga | engaphanga |
| class 2 | bāpha | abāpha | bāpha | abaphanga | abangaphanga | bengaphanga |
| class 3 | wāpha | owāpha | wāpha | awuphanga | ongaphanga | ungaphanga |
| class 4 | yāpha | eyāpha | yāpha | ayiphanga | engaphanga | ingaphanga |
| class 5 | lāpha | elāpha | lāpha | aliphanga | elingaphanga | lingaphanga |
| class 6 | āpha | āpha | āpha | awaphanga | angaphanga | engaphanga |
| class 7 | sāpha | esāpha | sāpha | asiphanga | esingaphanga | singaphanga |
| class 8 | zāpha | ezāpha | zāpha | aziphanga | ezingaphanga | zingaphanga |
| class 9 | yāpha | eyāpha | yāpha | ayiphanga | engaphanga | ingaphanga |
| class 10 | zāpha | ezāpha | zāpha | aziphanga | ezingaphanga | zingaphanga |
| class 11 | lwāpha | olwāpha | lwāpha | aluphanga | olungaphanga | lungaphanga |
| class 14 | bāpha | obāpha | bāpha | abuphanga | obungaphanga | bungaphanga |
| class 15 | kwāpha | okwāpha | kwāpha | akuphanga | okungaphanga | kungaphanga |
| class 17 | kwāpha | okwāpha | kwāpha | akuphanga | okungaphanga | kungaphanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingapha | — | ngingapha | ngingephe | — | ngingephe |
| 2nd singular | ungapha | — | ungapha | ungephe | — | ungephe |
| 1st plural | singapha | — | singapha | singephe | — | singephe |
| 2nd plural | ningapha | — | ningapha | ningephe | — | ningephe |
| class 1 | angapha | — | engapha | angephe | — | engephe |
| class 2 | bangapha | — | bengapha | bangephe | — | bengephe |
| class 3 | ungapha | — | ungapha | ungephe | — | ungephe |
| class 4 | ingapha | — | ingapha | ingephe | — | ingephe |
| class 5 | lingapha | — | lingapha | lingephe | — | lingephe |
| class 6 | angapha | — | engapha | angephe | — | engephe |
| class 7 | singapha | — | singapha | singephe | — | singephe |
| class 8 | zingapha | — | zingapha | zingephe | — | zingephe |
| class 9 | ingapha | — | ingapha | ingephe | — | ingephe |
| class 10 | zingapha | — | zingapha | zingephe | — | zingephe |
| class 11 | lungapha | — | lungapha | lungephe | — | lungephe |
| class 14 | bungapha | — | bungapha | bungephe | — | bungephe |
| class 15 | kungapha | — | kungapha | kungephe | — | kungephe |
| class 17 | kungapha | — | kungapha | kungephe | — | kungephe |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizokupha | engizokupha | ngizokupha | angizukupha | engingezukupha | ngingezukupha |
| 2nd singular | uzokupha | ozokupha | uzokupha | awuzukupha | ongezukupha | ungezukupha |
| 1st plural | sizokupha | esizokupha | sizokupha | asizukupha | esingezukupha | singezukupha |
| 2nd plural | nizokupha | enizokupha | nizokupha | anizukupha | eningezukupha | ningezukupha |
| class 1 | uzokupha | ozokupha | ezokupha | akazukupha | ongezukupha | engezukupha |
| class 2 | bazokupha | abazokupha | bezokupha | abazukupha | abangezukupha | bengezukupha |
| class 3 | uzokupha | ozokupha | uzokupha | awuzukupha | ongezukupha | ungezukupha |
| class 4 | izokupha | ezokupha | izokupha | ayizukupha | engezukupha | ingezukupha |
| class 5 | lizokupha | elizokupha | lizokupha | alizukupha | elingezukupha | lingezukupha |
| class 6 | azokupha | azokupha | ezokupha | awazukupha | angezukupha | engezukupha |
| class 7 | sizokupha | esizokupha | sizokupha | asizukupha | esingezukupha | singezukupha |
| class 8 | zizokupha | ezizokupha | zizokupha | azizukupha | ezingezukupha | zingezukupha |
| class 9 | izokupha | ezokupha | izokupha | ayizukupha | engezukupha | ingezukupha |
| class 10 | zizokupha | ezizokupha | zizokupha | azizukupha | ezingezukupha | zingezukupha |
| class 11 | luzokupha | oluzokupha | luzokupha | aluzukupha | olungezukupha | lungezukupha |
| class 14 | buzokupha | obuzokupha | buzokupha | abuzukupha | obungezukupha | bungezukupha |
| class 15 | kuzokupha | okuzokupha | kuzokupha | akuzukupha | okungezukupha | kungezukupha |
| class 17 | kuzokupha | okuzokupha | kuzokupha | akuzukupha | okungezukupha | kungezukupha |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyokupha | engiyokupha | ngiyokupha | angiyukupha | engingeyukupha | ngingeyukupha |
| 2nd singular | uyokupha | oyokupha | uyokupha | awuyukupha | ongeyukupha | ungeyukupha |
| 1st plural | siyokupha | esiyokupha | siyokupha | asiyukupha | esingeyukupha | singeyukupha |
| 2nd plural | niyokupha | eniyokupha | niyokupha | aniyukupha | eningeyukupha | ningeyukupha |
| class 1 | uyokupha | oyokupha | eyokupha | akayukupha | ongeyukupha | engeyukupha |
| class 2 | bayokupha | abayokupha | beyokupha | abayukupha | abangeyukupha | bengeyukupha |
| class 3 | uyokupha | oyokupha | uyokupha | awuyukupha | ongeyukupha | ungeyukupha |
| class 4 | iyokupha | eyokupha | iyokupha | ayiyukupha | engeyukupha | ingeyukupha |
| class 5 | liyokupha | eliyokupha | liyokupha | aliyukupha | elingeyukupha | lingeyukupha |
| class 6 | ayokupha | ayokupha | eyokupha | awayukupha | angeyukupha | engeyukupha |
| class 7 | siyokupha | esiyokupha | siyokupha | asiyukupha | esingeyukupha | singeyukupha |
| class 8 | ziyokupha | eziyokupha | ziyokupha | aziyukupha | ezingeyukupha | zingeyukupha |
| class 9 | iyokupha | eyokupha | iyokupha | ayiyukupha | engeyukupha | ingeyukupha |
| class 10 | ziyokupha | eziyokupha | ziyokupha | aziyukupha | ezingeyukupha | zingeyukupha |
| class 11 | luyokupha | oluyokupha | luyokupha | aluyukupha | olungeyukupha | lungeyukupha |
| class 14 | buyokupha | obuyokupha | buyokupha | abuyukupha | obungeyukupha | bungeyukupha |
| class 15 | kuyokupha | okuyokupha | kuyokupha | akuyukupha | okungeyukupha | kungeyukupha |
| class 17 | kuyokupha | okuyokupha | kuyokupha | akuyukupha | okungeyukupha | kungeyukupha |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiphe | ngingaphi | ||||
| 2nd singular | uphe | ungaphi | ||||
| 1st plural | siphe | singaphi | ||||
| 2nd plural | niphe | ningaphi | ||||
| class 1 | aphe | angaphi | ||||
| class 2 | baphe | bangaphi | ||||
| class 3 | uphe | ungaphi | ||||
| class 4 | iphe | ingaphi | ||||
| class 5 | liphe | lingaphi | ||||
| class 6 | aphe | angaphi | ||||
| class 7 | siphe | singaphi | ||||
| class 8 | ziphe | zingaphi | ||||
| class 9 | iphe | ingaphi | ||||
| class 10 | ziphe | zingaphi | ||||
| class 11 | luphe | lungaphi | ||||
| class 14 | buphe | bungaphi | ||||
| class 15 | kuphe | kungaphi | ||||
| class 17 | kuphe | kungaphi | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngapha | ngangapha, angapha, angangapha | ||||
| 2nd singular | wapha | wangapha, awapha, awangapha | ||||
| 1st plural | sapha | sangapha, asapha, asangapha | ||||
| 2nd plural | napha | nangapha, anapha, anangapha | ||||
| class 1 | wapha | wangapha, akapha, akangapha | ||||
| class 2 | bapha | bangapha, abapha, abangapha | ||||
| class 3 | wapha | wangapha, awapha, awangapha | ||||
| class 4 | yapha | yangapha, ayapha, ayangapha | ||||
| class 5 | lapha | langapha, alapha, alangapha | ||||
| class 6 | apha | angapha, awapha, awangapha | ||||
| class 7 | sapha | sangapha, asapha, asangapha | ||||
| class 8 | zapha | zangapha, azapha, azangapha | ||||
| class 9 | yapha | yangapha, ayapha, ayangapha | ||||
| class 10 | zapha | zangapha, azapha, azangapha | ||||
| class 11 | lwapha | lwangapha, alwapha, alwangapha | ||||
| class 14 | bapha | bangapha, abapha, abangapha | ||||
| class 15 | kwapha | kwangapha, akwapha, akwangapha | ||||
| class 17 | kwapha | kwangapha, akwapha, akwangapha | ||||
Derived terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “pha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “pha”