protervus

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Unclear.[1] Based on manuscript variants starting with propt-, it has been proposed to derive from an original *pro-petes-wo- (from the root of petō) with a change of /sw/ to /rw/ as in Minerva.[2] Donatus interpreted it as a derivative of prōterō +‎ -vus.[3]

Pronunciation

  • (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [prɔˈtɛr.wʊs]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [proˈt̪ɛr.vus]
  • The first syllable scans short in Classical Latin, but scans long in some cases in certain preclassical authors such as Plautus and Terence.

Adjective

protervus (feminine proterva, neuter protervum, comparative protervior); first/second-declension adjective

  1. violent, vehement
  2. reckless, wanton, shameless, impudent
  3. audacious

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative protervus proterva protervum protervī protervae proterva
genitive protervī protervae protervī protervōrum protervārum protervōrum
dative protervō protervae protervō protervīs
accusative protervum protervam protervum protervōs protervās proterva
ablative protervō protervā protervō protervīs
vocative proterve proterva protervum protervī protervae proterva

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Italian: protervo
  • Portuguese: protervo
  • Spanish: protervo

References

  1. ^ Pultrová, Lucie (2022) The Category of Comparison in Latin, page 94
  2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “protervus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 494
  3. ^ “protervus” in volume 10, part 2, column 2273, line 42 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present

Further reading

  • “protervus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “protervus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • protervus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.