quleka
Zulu
Etymology
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ǃuléːɠa/
Verb
-quléka
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuquleka | ukungaquleki | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | quleka | -quleke | ||||
| plural | qulekani | -qulekeni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaquleka, ngiquleka | engiqulekayo, engiquleka | ngiquleka | angiquleki | engingaquleki | ngingaquleki |
| 2nd singular | uyaquleka, uquleka | oqulekayo, oquleka | uquleka | awuquleki | ongaquleki | ungaquleki |
| 1st plural | siyaquleka, siquleka | esiqulekayo, esiquleka | siquleka | asiquleki | esingaquleki | singaquleki |
| 2nd plural | niyaquleka, niquleka | eniqulekayo, eniquleka | niquleka | aniquleki | eningaquleki | ningaquleki |
| class 1 | uyaquleka, uquleka | oqulekayo, oquleka | equleka | akaquleki | ongaquleki | engaquleki |
| class 2 | bayaquleka, baquleka | abaqulekayo, abaquleka | bequleka | abaquleki | abangaquleki | bengaquleki |
| class 3 | uyaquleka, uquleka | oqulekayo, oquleka | uquleka | awuquleki | ongaquleki | ungaquleki |
| class 4 | iyaquleka, iquleka | equlekayo, equleka | iquleka | ayiquleki | engaquleki | ingaquleki |
| class 5 | liyaquleka, liquleka | eliqulekayo, eliquleka | liquleka | aliquleki | elingaquleki | lingaquleki |
| class 6 | ayaquleka, aquleka | aqulekayo, aquleka | equleka | awaquleki | angaquleki | engaquleki |
| class 7 | siyaquleka, siquleka | esiqulekayo, esiquleka | siquleka | asiquleki | esingaquleki | singaquleki |
| class 8 | ziyaquleka, ziquleka | eziqulekayo, eziquleka | ziquleka | aziquleki | ezingaquleki | zingaquleki |
| class 9 | iyaquleka, iquleka | equlekayo, equleka | iquleka | ayiquleki | engaquleki | ingaquleki |
| class 10 | ziyaquleka, ziquleka | eziqulekayo, eziquleka | ziquleka | aziquleki | ezingaquleki | zingaquleki |
| class 11 | luyaquleka, luquleka | oluqulekayo, oluquleka | luquleka | aluquleki | olungaquleki | lungaquleki |
| class 14 | buyaquleka, buquleka | obuqulekayo, obuquleka | buquleka | abuquleki | obungaquleki | bungaquleki |
| class 15 | kuyaquleka, kuquleka | okuqulekayo, okuquleka | kuquleka | akuquleki | okungaquleki | kungaquleki |
| class 17 | kuyaquleka, kuquleka | okuqulekayo, okuquleka | kuquleka | akuquleki | okungaquleki | kungaquleki |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiqulekile, ngiqulekē | engiqulekile, engiqulekē | ngiqulekile, ngiqulekē | angiqulekanga | engingaqulekanga | ngingaqulekanga |
| 2nd singular | uqulekile, uqulekē | oqulekile, oqulekē | uqulekile, uqulekē | awuqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | ungaqulekanga |
| 1st plural | siqulekile, siqulekē | esiqulekile, esiqulekē | siqulekile, siqulekē | asiqulekanga | esingaqulekanga | singaqulekanga |
| 2nd plural | niqulekile, niqulekē | eniqulekile, eniqulekē | niqulekile, niqulekē | aniqulekanga | eningaqulekanga | ningaqulekanga |
| class 1 | uqulekile, uqulekē | oqulekile, oqulekē | equlekile, equlekē | akaqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | engaqulekanga |
| class 2 | baqulekile, baqulekē | abaqulekile, abaqulekē | bequlekile, bequlekē | abaqulekanga | abangaqulekanga | bengaqulekanga |
| class 3 | uqulekile, uqulekē | oqulekile, oqulekē | uqulekile, uqulekē | awuqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | ungaqulekanga |
| class 4 | iqulekile, iqulekē | equlekile, equlekē | iqulekile, iqulekē | ayiqulekanga | engaqulekanga | ingaqulekanga |
| class 5 | liqulekile, liqulekē | eliqulekile, eliqulekē | liqulekile, liqulekē | aliqulekanga | elingaqulekanga | lingaqulekanga |
| class 6 | aqulekile, aqulekē | aqulekile, aqulekē | equlekile, equlekē | awaqulekanga | angaqulekanga | engaqulekanga |
| class 7 | siqulekile, siqulekē | esiqulekile, esiqulekē | siqulekile, siqulekē | asiqulekanga | esingaqulekanga | singaqulekanga |
| class 8 | ziqulekile, ziqulekē | eziqulekile, eziqulekē | ziqulekile, ziqulekē | aziqulekanga | ezingaqulekanga | zingaqulekanga |
| class 9 | iqulekile, iqulekē | equlekile, equlekē | iqulekile, iqulekē | ayiqulekanga | engaqulekanga | ingaqulekanga |
| class 10 | ziqulekile, ziqulekē | eziqulekile, eziqulekē | ziqulekile, ziqulekē | aziqulekanga | ezingaqulekanga | zingaqulekanga |
| class 11 | luqulekile, luqulekē | oluqulekile, oluqulekē | luqulekile, luqulekē | aluqulekanga | olungaqulekanga | lungaqulekanga |
| class 14 | buqulekile, buqulekē | obuqulekile, obuqulekē | buqulekile, buqulekē | abuqulekanga | obungaqulekanga | bungaqulekanga |
| class 15 | kuqulekile, kuqulekē | okuqulekile, okuqulekē | kuqulekile, kuqulekē | akuqulekanga | okungaqulekanga | kungaqulekanga |
| class 17 | kuqulekile, kuqulekē | okuqulekile, okuqulekē | kuqulekile, kuqulekē | akuqulekanga | okungaqulekanga | kungaqulekanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāquleka | engāquleka | ngāquleka | angiqulekanga | engingaqulekanga | ngingaqulekanga |
| 2nd singular | wāquleka | owāquleka | wāquleka | awuqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | ungaqulekanga |
| 1st plural | sāquleka | esāquleka | sāquleka | asiqulekanga | esingaqulekanga | singaqulekanga |
| 2nd plural | nāquleka | enāquleka | nāquleka | aniqulekanga | eningaqulekanga | ningaqulekanga |
| class 1 | wāquleka | owāquleka | āquleka | akaqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | engaqulekanga |
| class 2 | bāquleka | abāquleka | bāquleka | abaqulekanga | abangaqulekanga | bengaqulekanga |
| class 3 | wāquleka | owāquleka | wāquleka | awuqulekanga | ongaqulekanga | ungaqulekanga |
| class 4 | yāquleka | eyāquleka | yāquleka | ayiqulekanga | engaqulekanga | ingaqulekanga |
| class 5 | lāquleka | elāquleka | lāquleka | aliqulekanga | elingaqulekanga | lingaqulekanga |
| class 6 | āquleka | āquleka | āquleka | awaqulekanga | angaqulekanga | engaqulekanga |
| class 7 | sāquleka | esāquleka | sāquleka | asiqulekanga | esingaqulekanga | singaqulekanga |
| class 8 | zāquleka | ezāquleka | zāquleka | aziqulekanga | ezingaqulekanga | zingaqulekanga |
| class 9 | yāquleka | eyāquleka | yāquleka | ayiqulekanga | engaqulekanga | ingaqulekanga |
| class 10 | zāquleka | ezāquleka | zāquleka | aziqulekanga | ezingaqulekanga | zingaqulekanga |
| class 11 | lwāquleka | olwāquleka | lwāquleka | aluqulekanga | olungaqulekanga | lungaqulekanga |
| class 14 | bāquleka | obāquleka | bāquleka | abuqulekanga | obungaqulekanga | bungaqulekanga |
| class 15 | kwāquleka | okwāquleka | kwāquleka | akuqulekanga | okungaqulekanga | kungaqulekanga |
| class 17 | kwāquleka | okwāquleka | kwāquleka | akuqulekanga | okungaqulekanga | kungaqulekanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaquleka | — | ngingaquleka | ngingequleke | — | ngingequleke |
| 2nd singular | ungaquleka | — | ungaquleka | ungequleke | — | ungequleke |
| 1st plural | singaquleka | — | singaquleka | singequleke | — | singequleke |
| 2nd plural | ningaquleka | — | ningaquleka | ningequleke | — | ningequleke |
| class 1 | angaquleka | — | engaquleka | angequleke | — | engequleke |
| class 2 | bangaquleka | — | bengaquleka | bangequleke | — | bengequleke |
| class 3 | ungaquleka | — | ungaquleka | ungequleke | — | ungequleke |
| class 4 | ingaquleka | — | ingaquleka | ingequleke | — | ingequleke |
| class 5 | lingaquleka | — | lingaquleka | lingequleke | — | lingequleke |
| class 6 | angaquleka | — | engaquleka | angequleke | — | engequleke |
| class 7 | singaquleka | — | singaquleka | singequleke | — | singequleke |
| class 8 | zingaquleka | — | zingaquleka | zingequleke | — | zingequleke |
| class 9 | ingaquleka | — | ingaquleka | ingequleke | — | ingequleke |
| class 10 | zingaquleka | — | zingaquleka | zingequleke | — | zingequleke |
| class 11 | lungaquleka | — | lungaquleka | lungequleke | — | lungequleke |
| class 14 | bungaquleka | — | bungaquleka | bungequleke | — | bungequleke |
| class 15 | kungaquleka | — | kungaquleka | kungequleke | — | kungequleke |
| class 17 | kungaquleka | — | kungaquleka | kungequleke | — | kungequleke |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizoquleka | engizoquleka | ngizoquleka | angizuquleka | engingezuquleka | ngingezuquleka |
| 2nd singular | uzoquleka | ozoquleka | uzoquleka | awuzuquleka | ongezuquleka | ungezuquleka |
| 1st plural | sizoquleka | esizoquleka | sizoquleka | asizuquleka | esingezuquleka | singezuquleka |
| 2nd plural | nizoquleka | enizoquleka | nizoquleka | anizuquleka | eningezuquleka | ningezuquleka |
| class 1 | uzoquleka | ozoquleka | ezoquleka | akazuquleka | ongezuquleka | engezuquleka |
| class 2 | bazoquleka | abazoquleka | bezoquleka | abazuquleka | abangezuquleka | bengezuquleka |
| class 3 | uzoquleka | ozoquleka | uzoquleka | awuzuquleka | ongezuquleka | ungezuquleka |
| class 4 | izoquleka | ezoquleka | izoquleka | ayizuquleka | engezuquleka | ingezuquleka |
| class 5 | lizoquleka | elizoquleka | lizoquleka | alizuquleka | elingezuquleka | lingezuquleka |
| class 6 | azoquleka | azoquleka | ezoquleka | awazuquleka | angezuquleka | engezuquleka |
| class 7 | sizoquleka | esizoquleka | sizoquleka | asizuquleka | esingezuquleka | singezuquleka |
| class 8 | zizoquleka | ezizoquleka | zizoquleka | azizuquleka | ezingezuquleka | zingezuquleka |
| class 9 | izoquleka | ezoquleka | izoquleka | ayizuquleka | engezuquleka | ingezuquleka |
| class 10 | zizoquleka | ezizoquleka | zizoquleka | azizuquleka | ezingezuquleka | zingezuquleka |
| class 11 | luzoquleka | oluzoquleka | luzoquleka | aluzuquleka | olungezuquleka | lungezuquleka |
| class 14 | buzoquleka | obuzoquleka | buzoquleka | abuzuquleka | obungezuquleka | bungezuquleka |
| class 15 | kuzoquleka | okuzoquleka | kuzoquleka | akuzuquleka | okungezuquleka | kungezuquleka |
| class 17 | kuzoquleka | okuzoquleka | kuzoquleka | akuzuquleka | okungezuquleka | kungezuquleka |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyoquleka | engiyoquleka | ngiyoquleka | angiyuquleka | engingeyuquleka | ngingeyuquleka |
| 2nd singular | uyoquleka | oyoquleka | uyoquleka | awuyuquleka | ongeyuquleka | ungeyuquleka |
| 1st plural | siyoquleka | esiyoquleka | siyoquleka | asiyuquleka | esingeyuquleka | singeyuquleka |
| 2nd plural | niyoquleka | eniyoquleka | niyoquleka | aniyuquleka | eningeyuquleka | ningeyuquleka |
| class 1 | uyoquleka | oyoquleka | eyoquleka | akayuquleka | ongeyuquleka | engeyuquleka |
| class 2 | bayoquleka | abayoquleka | beyoquleka | abayuquleka | abangeyuquleka | bengeyuquleka |
| class 3 | uyoquleka | oyoquleka | uyoquleka | awuyuquleka | ongeyuquleka | ungeyuquleka |
| class 4 | iyoquleka | eyoquleka | iyoquleka | ayiyuquleka | engeyuquleka | ingeyuquleka |
| class 5 | liyoquleka | eliyoquleka | liyoquleka | aliyuquleka | elingeyuquleka | lingeyuquleka |
| class 6 | ayoquleka | ayoquleka | eyoquleka | awayuquleka | angeyuquleka | engeyuquleka |
| class 7 | siyoquleka | esiyoquleka | siyoquleka | asiyuquleka | esingeyuquleka | singeyuquleka |
| class 8 | ziyoquleka | eziyoquleka | ziyoquleka | aziyuquleka | ezingeyuquleka | zingeyuquleka |
| class 9 | iyoquleka | eyoquleka | iyoquleka | ayiyuquleka | engeyuquleka | ingeyuquleka |
| class 10 | ziyoquleka | eziyoquleka | ziyoquleka | aziyuquleka | ezingeyuquleka | zingeyuquleka |
| class 11 | luyoquleka | oluyoquleka | luyoquleka | aluyuquleka | olungeyuquleka | lungeyuquleka |
| class 14 | buyoquleka | obuyoquleka | buyoquleka | abuyuquleka | obungeyuquleka | bungeyuquleka |
| class 15 | kuyoquleka | okuyoquleka | kuyoquleka | akuyuquleka | okungeyuquleka | kungeyuquleka |
| class 17 | kuyoquleka | okuyoquleka | kuyoquleka | akuyuquleka | okungeyuquleka | kungeyuquleka |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiquleke | ngingaquleki | ||||
| 2nd singular | uquleke | ungaquleki | ||||
| 1st plural | siquleke | singaquleki | ||||
| 2nd plural | niquleke | ningaquleki | ||||
| class 1 | aquleke | angaquleki | ||||
| class 2 | baquleke | bangaquleki | ||||
| class 3 | uquleke | ungaquleki | ||||
| class 4 | iquleke | ingaquleki | ||||
| class 5 | liquleke | lingaquleki | ||||
| class 6 | aquleke | angaquleki | ||||
| class 7 | siquleke | singaquleki | ||||
| class 8 | ziquleke | zingaquleki | ||||
| class 9 | iquleke | ingaquleki | ||||
| class 10 | ziquleke | zingaquleki | ||||
| class 11 | luquleke | lungaquleki | ||||
| class 14 | buquleke | bungaquleki | ||||
| class 15 | kuquleke | kungaquleki | ||||
| class 17 | kuquleke | kungaquleki | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaquleka | ngangaquleka, angaquleka, angangaquleka | ||||
| 2nd singular | waquleka | wangaquleka, awaquleka, awangaquleka | ||||
| 1st plural | saquleka | sangaquleka, asaquleka, asangaquleka | ||||
| 2nd plural | naquleka | nangaquleka, anaquleka, anangaquleka | ||||
| class 1 | waquleka | wangaquleka, akaquleka, akangaquleka | ||||
| class 2 | baquleka | bangaquleka, abaquleka, abangaquleka | ||||
| class 3 | waquleka | wangaquleka, awaquleka, awangaquleka | ||||
| class 4 | yaquleka | yangaquleka, ayaquleka, ayangaquleka | ||||
| class 5 | laquleka | langaquleka, alaquleka, alangaquleka | ||||
| class 6 | aquleka | angaquleka, awaquleka, awangaquleka | ||||
| class 7 | saquleka | sangaquleka, asaquleka, asangaquleka | ||||
| class 8 | zaquleka | zangaquleka, azaquleka, azangaquleka | ||||
| class 9 | yaquleka | yangaquleka, ayaquleka, ayangaquleka | ||||
| class 10 | zaquleka | zangaquleka, azaquleka, azangaquleka | ||||
| class 11 | lwaquleka | lwangaquleka, alwaquleka, alwangaquleka | ||||
| class 14 | baquleka | bangaquleka, abaquleka, abangaquleka | ||||
| class 15 | kwaquleka | kwangaquleka, akwaquleka, akwangaquleka | ||||
| class 17 | kwaquleka | kwangaquleka, akwaquleka, akwangaquleka | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “quleka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “quleka (3.2.9)”