ropen

Middle English

Etymology 1

From rop (“rope”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Alternative forms

raipe, rope

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈrɔːpən/

Verb

ropen

To form into ropes or strands.
(rare) To tie up with rope.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ropen* (weak in -ed)
	present tense	past tense
infinitive	(to) ropen, rope

1st-person singular	rope	roped
2nd-person singular	ropest	ropedest
3rd-person singular	ropeth	roped
subjunctive singular	rope	roped
imperative singular	rope	—

plural¹	ropen, rope	ropeden, ropede
imperative plural	ropeth, rope	—

participles	ropynge, ropende	roped

¹ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

English: rope
Scots: raip

References

“rōpen, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English hrōpan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrōpan, from Proto-Germanic *hrōpaną; equivalent to rop (“call”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Forms in /ɔu̯/ are influenced by Old Norse raupa.

Alternative forms

rope, roupe, rupe

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈroːpən/, /ˈrɔu̯pən/

Verb

ropen

To cry out; to shout.

Usage notes

It is entirely possible that this verb could have remained as a strong verb for some speakers, as past forms are not attested.

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ropen* (weak in -ed)
	present tense	past tense
infinitive	(to) ropen, rope

1st-person singular	rope	roped
2nd-person singular	ropest	ropedest
3rd-person singular	ropeth	roped
subjunctive singular	rope	roped
imperative singular	rope	—

plural¹	ropen, rope	ropeden, ropede
imperative plural	ropeth, rope	—

participles	ropynge, ropende	roped

¹ Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

English: roop, roup
Scots: roup; croup
- → English: croup
  - → Dutch: kroep
  - → French: croup

References

“rọ̄pen, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Swedish

Noun

ropen

definite plural of rop

Anagrams

poren