scáth

See also: scath

Irish

Alternative forms

  • sgáth (obsolete)[1]

Etymology

From Old Irish scáth,[2] from Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sˠkɑː/, /sˠkaː/[3]

Noun

scáth m (genitive singular scátha, nominative plural scáthanna)

  1. shadow, shade
  2. umbrella (something that covers a wide range of concepts, ideas, etc.), mantle (anything that covers or conceals something else)
  3. horror, dread
  4. shyness, timidity

Declension

Declension of scáth (third declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative scáth scáthanna
vocative a scáth a scáthanna
genitive scátha scáthanna
dative scáth scáthanna
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an scáth na scáthanna
genitive an scátha na scáthanna
dative leis an scáth
don scáth 		leis na scáthanna

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “scáth”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “scáth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 182, page 70

Further reading

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-. Cognate with English shadow.[1]

The u-stem declension is the older one of the two.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [skaːθ]

Noun

scáth n

  1. shadow, shade
  2. reflection
  3. phantom, spectre
  4. protection

Declension

Neuter u-stem
singular dual plural
nominative scáthN scáthL scáthL, scátha
vocative scáthN scáthL scáth
accusative scáthN scáthL scáth
genitive scathaH, scáthaH scathaN, scáthaN scáthN
dative scáthL scáthaib scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
vocative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
accusative scáthN scáthN scáthL, scátha
genitive scáithL scáth scáthN
dative scáthL scáthaib scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: scáth
  • Manx: scaa
  • Scottish Gaelic: sgàth
  • ⇒ Middle Irish: scáthán

References

  1. ^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 110

Further reading

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