Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-tumainisha (infinitive kutumainisha)
- Causative form of -tumaini: to give hope to
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -tumainisha
|
| Positive present
|
-natumainisha
|
| Subjunctive
|
-tumainishe
|
| Negative
|
-tumainishi
|
| Imperative singular
|
tumainisha
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
tumainisha
|
| Plural
|
tumainisheni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hutumainisha
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -litumainisha
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kutumainisha
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -natumainisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninatumainisha/natumainisha
|
tunatumainisha
|
| 2nd person
|
unatumainisha
|
mnatumainisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anatumainisha
|
wanatumainisha
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -natumainisha
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -tumainishi)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
situmainishi
|
hatutumainishi
|
| 2nd person
|
hutumainishi
|
hamtumainishi
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hatumainishi
|
hawatumainishi
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -tumainishi
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tatumainisha
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tatumainisha
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tumainishe)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nitumainishe
|
tutumainishe
|
| 2nd person
|
utumainishe
|
mtumainishe
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atumainishe
|
watumainishe
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -tumainishe
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -situmainishe
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngetumainisha
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singetumainisha
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalitumainisha
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalitumainisha
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atumainisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
natumainisha
|
twatumainisha
|
| 2nd person
|
watumainisha
|
mwatumainisha
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
atumainisha
|
watumainisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
watumainisha
|
yatumainisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
latumainisha
|
yatumainisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chatumainisha
|
vyatumainisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yatumainisha
|
zatumainisha
|
| u(XI)
|
watumainisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwatumainisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
patumainisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwatumainisha
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -metumainisha
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshatumainisha
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jatumainisha
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kitumainisha
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipotumainisha
|
| Consecutive
|
katumainisha / positive subject concord + -katumainisha
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -katumainishe
|
|
| Object concord (indicative positive)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
-nitumainisha
|
-tutumainisha
|
| 2nd person
|
-kutumainisha
|
-watumainisha/-kutumainisheni/-watumainisheni
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
-mtumainisha
|
-watumainisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-utumainisha
|
-itumainisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-litumainisha
|
-yatumainisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kitumainisha
|
-vitumainisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-itumainisha
|
-zitumainisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-utumainisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kutumainisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-patumainisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mutumainisha
|
|
| Reflexive
|
-jitumainisha
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tumainisha- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-tumainishaye
|
-tumainishao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-tumainishao
|
-tumainishayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-tumainishalo
|
-tumainishayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-tumainishacho
|
-tumainishavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-tumainishayo
|
-tumainishazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-tumainishao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-tumainishako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-tumainishapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-tumainishamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tumainisha)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yetumainisha
|
-otumainisha
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-otumainisha
|
-yotumainisha
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lotumainisha
|
-yotumainisha
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chotumainisha
|
-vyotumainisha
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yotumainisha
|
-zotumainisha
|
| u(XI)
|
-otumainisha
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kotumainisha
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-potumainisha
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-motumainisha
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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