vigiar
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese vigiar, probably a semi-learned term derived from Latin vigilāre, from vigil (“alert; awake”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong”).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /vi.ʒiˈa(ʁ)/ [vi.ʒɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈʒja(ʁ)/ [viˈʒja(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /vi.ʒiˈa(ɾ)/ [vi.ʒɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈʒja(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /vi.ʒiˈa(ʁ)/ [vi.ʒɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈʒja(ʁ)/ [viˈʒja(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /vi.ʒiˈa(ɻ)/ [vi.ʒɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /viˈʒja(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /viˈʒjaɾ/, /vɨˈʒjaɾ/
- (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /biˈʒjaɾ/, /bɨˈʒjaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /viˈʒja.ɾi/, /vɨˈʒja.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: vi‧gi‧ar
Verb
vigiar (first-person singular present vigio, first-person singular preterite vigiei, past participle vigiado)
- to watch (to attend or guard)
- Synonym: zelar
- to watch (to act as a lookout)
- to observe something carefully
- Synonym: observar
Conjugation
Conjugation of vigiar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Related terms
- vigia
- vigiado
- vigiador
- vigiante
- vigieiro
- vigil
- vigilador
- vigilância
- vigilante
- vigilantemente
- vigília
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Portuguese vigiar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /biˈxjaɾ/ [biˈxjaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: vi‧giar
Verb
vigiar (first-person singular present vigio, first-person singular preterite vigié, past participle vigiado)
- (transitive, colloquial, El Salvador) to spy on (someone)
Conjugation
Conjugation of vigiar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | vigiar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | vigiando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | vigiado | vigiada | |||||
| plural | vigiados | vigiadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | vigio | vigiastú vigiásvos |
vigia | vigiamos | vigiáis | vigian | |
| imperfect | vigiaba | vigiabas | vigiaba | vigiábamos | vigiabais | vigiaban | |
| preterite | vigié | vigiaste | vigió | vigiamos | vigiasteis | vigiaron | |
| future | vigiaré | vigiarás | vigiará | vigiaremos | vigiaréis | vigiarán | |
| conditional | vigiaría | vigiarías | vigiaría | vigiaríamos | vigiaríais | vigiarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | vigie | vigiestú vigiésvos2 |
vigie | vigiemos | vigiéis | vigien | |
| imperfect (ra) |
vigiara | vigiaras | vigiara | vigiáramos | vigiarais | vigiaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
vigiase | vigiases | vigiase | vigiásemos | vigiaseis | vigiasen | |
| future1 | vigiare | vigiares | vigiare | vigiáremos | vigiareis | vigiaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | vigiatú vigiávos |
vigie | vigiemos | vigiad | vigien | ||
| negative | no vigies | no vigie | no vigiemos | no vigiéis | no vigien | ||
Selected combined forms of vigiar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive vigiar | dative | vigiarme | vigiarte | vigiarle, vigiarse | vigiarnos | vigiaros | vigiarles, vigiarse |
| accusative | vigiarme | vigiarte | vigiarlo, vigiarla, vigiarse | vigiarnos | vigiaros | vigiarlos, vigiarlas, vigiarse | |
| with gerund vigiando | dative | vigiándome | vigiándote | vigiándole, vigiándose | vigiándonos | vigiándoos | vigiándoles, vigiándose |
| accusative | vigiándome | vigiándote | vigiándolo, vigiándola, vigiándose | vigiándonos | vigiándoos | vigiándolos, vigiándolas, vigiándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative vigia | dative | vígiame | vígiate | vígiale | vígianos | not used | vígiales |
| accusative | vígiame | vígiate | vígialo, vígiala | vígianos | not used | vígialos, vígialas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative vigiá | dative | vigiame | vigiate | vigiale | vigianos | not used | vigiales |
| accusative | vigiame | vigiate | vigialo, vigiala | vigianos | not used | vigialos, vigialas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative vigie | dative | vígieme | not used | vígiele, vígiese | vígienos | not used | vígieles |
| accusative | vígieme | not used | vígielo, vígiela, vígiese | vígienos | not used | vígielos, vígielas | |
| with first-person plural imperative vigiemos | dative | not used | vigiémoste | vigiémosle | vigiémonos | vigiémoos | vigiémosles |
| accusative | not used | vigiémoste | vigiémoslo, vigiémosla | vigiémonos | vigiémoos | vigiémoslos, vigiémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative vigiad | dative | vigiadme | not used | vigiadle | vigiadnos | vigiaos | vigiadles |
| accusative | vigiadme | not used | vigiadlo, vigiadla | vigiadnos | vigiaos | vigiadlos, vigiadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative vigien | dative | vígienme | not used | vígienle | vígiennos | not used | vígienles, vígiense |
| accusative | vígienme | not used | vígienlo, vígienla | vígiennos | not used | vígienlos, vígienlas, vígiense | |
Further reading
- “vigiar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024
- “vigiar”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010