садя
Bulgarian
Etymology
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic садити (saditi), from Proto-Slavic *saditi.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sɐˈdʲɤ̟]
- Hyphenation(key): са‧дя
Verb
садя́ • (sadjá) first-singular present indicative, impf (transitive)
- to plant (to put seeds, saplings, etc in soil or other substrate so that the plants may grow)
- Synonyms: заса́ждам (zasáždam), поса́ждам (posáždam)
- садя́ дома́ти ― sadjá domáti ― plant tomatoes
- садя́ ово́щни дръвче́та ― sadjá ovóštni drǎvčéta ― plant fruit trees
- (dialectal) to set (place a domestic fowl over eggs to brood)
- садя́ коко́шка ― sadjá kokóška ― set a hen
Conjugation
Conjugation of садя́ (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | садя́щ sadjášt |
сади́л sadíl |
садя́л sadjál |
саде́н sadén |
саде́йки sadéjki | |
| definite subject form | садя́щият sadjáštijat |
сади́лият sadílijat |
— | саде́ният sadénijat | |||
| definite object form | садя́щия sadjáštija |
сади́лия sadílija |
— | саде́ния sadénija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | садя́ща sadjášta |
сади́ла sadíla |
садя́ла sadjála |
саде́на sadéna | ||
| definite | садя́щата sadjáštata |
сади́лата sadílata |
— | саде́ната sadénata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | садя́що sadjášto |
сади́ло sadílo |
садя́ло sadjálo |
саде́но sadéno |
саде́не sadéne | |
| definite | садя́щото sadjáštoto |
сади́лото sadíloto |
— | саде́ното sadénoto |
саде́нето sadéneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | садя́щи sadjášti |
сади́ли sadíli |
саде́ли sadéli |
саде́ни sadéni |
саде́ния, саде́нета sadénija, sadéneta | |
| definite | садя́щите sadjáštite |
сади́лите sadílite |
— | саде́ните sadénite |
саде́нията, саде́нетата sadénijata, sadénetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | садя́ sadjá |
сади́ш sadíš |
сади́ sadí |
сади́м sadím |
сади́те sadíte |
садя́т sadját | |
| imperfect | садя́х sadjáh |
саде́ше sadéše |
саде́ше sadéše |
садя́хме sadjáhme |
садя́хте sadjáhte |
садя́ха sadjáha | |
| aorist | сади́х sadíh |
сади́ sadí |
сади́ sadí |
сади́хме sadíhme |
сади́хте sadíhte |
сади́ха sadíha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and садя́л m, садя́ла f, садя́ло n, or саде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and садя́л m, садя́ла f, садя́ло n, or саде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and садя́л m, садя́ла f, садя́ло n, or саде́ли pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and сади́л m, сади́ла f, сади́ло n, or сади́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| сади́ sadí |
саде́те sadéte |
||||||
Derived terms
nouns
adjectives
- доса́ден (dosáden)
verbs
- досадя pf (dosadja), досаждам impf (dosaždam), досадявам impf (dosadjavam)
- засадя pf (zasadja), засаждам impf (zasaždam), засадявам impf (zasadjavam)
- насадя pf (nasadja), насаждам impf (nasaždam), насадявам impf (nasadjavam)
- посадя pf (posadja), посаждам impf (posaždam), посадявам impf (posadjavam)
- пресадя pf (presadja), пресаждам impf (presaždam), пресадявам impf (presadjavam)
- присадя pf (prisadja), присаждам impf (prisaždam), присадявам impf (prisadjavam)
- разсадя pf (razsadja), разсаждам impf (razsaždam), разсадявам impf (razsadjavam)
Related terms
- седя́ (sedjá, “to be sitting”)
- са́ждам (sáždam, “to plant”) (dialectal)
References
- “садя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “садя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “садѭ́, -и́шь; -ди́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language][1] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 108
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “садя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, pages 411-415
- “садити”, in Старобългарски речник [Dictionary of Old Bulgarian] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2025
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sɐˈdʲa]
Participle
садя́ • (sadjá)
- present adverbial imperfective participle of сади́ть (sadítʹ)