番仔
Chinese
| foreign | diminutive suffix | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (番仔) | 番 | 仔 | |
| simp. #(番仔) | 番 | 仔 | |
Etymology
Compare 番囝.
Pronunciation
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): huáing-ciě
- Southern Min
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fân-é
- Hakka Romanization System: fanˊ eˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: fan1 e3
- Sinological IPA: /fan²⁴ e³¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: fan1 ê3
- Sinological IPA: /fan⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ne³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huáing-ciě
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuaiŋ⁵⁴ t͡siɛ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoan-á
- Tâi-lô: huan-á
- Phofsit Daibuun: hoan'ar
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huan⁴⁴⁻²² a⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /huan³³ a⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Penang): /huan³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁵/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /huan⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁵³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: huang1 gian2 / huêng1 gian2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang kiáⁿ / hueng kiáⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵²/, /hueŋ³³⁻²³ kĩã⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines, Penang)
Noun
番仔
- (Northern Min; Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien; dated in Meixian Hakka; possibly derogatory) foreigner; Westerner
- A native in a land where the Chinese are immigrants:
- Late Qing/Early Republic, 《古板秦世美全歌》, volume 3, 潮州 [Chaozhou]: 李萬利, page 8:
- (Taiwanese Hokkien and Hakka, usually derogatory) (Taiwanese) aborigine
- (Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien) Malay person
- (Philippine Hokkien, sometimes derogatory) Filipino person of native or non-Chinese origin
- (Indonesian Hokkien, sometimes derogatory) Indonesian person of native origin; pribumi
- (Taiwanese Hokkien, derogatory) unreasonable person
- (Malaysian and Singapore Hokkien) the Malay language
- 講番仔／讲番仔 [Hokkien] ― kóng hoan-á [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to speak Malay
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 外國人 (“foreigner”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 西方人 (“Westerner; Caucasian”) [map]
- (Taiwanese aborigine): (Hokkien) 土番
Dialectal synonyms of 馬來人 (“Malay person”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 馬來人 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 馬來人 |
| Malaysia | 馬來人, 巫人 | |
| Singapore | 馬來人 | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 馬拉人 |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 馬拉人 | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 馬拉人 | |
| Ipoh (Guangfu) | 馬拉人 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 馬拉人 | |
| Eastern Min | Sitiawan (Gutian) | 番囝 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 馬來儂 |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 番仔 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 番仔, 番囝 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 馬來儂 | |
| Medan (Hokkien) | 番仔 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 番囝 | |
| Batam (Teochew) | 番囝 | |
| Singapore (Hainanese) | 番囝 | |
Dialectal synonyms of 馬來語 (“the Malay language”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 馬來語, 馬來文 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 馬來語 |
| Malaysia | 馬來語, 馬來話, 馬來文, 巫語, 巫文, 國語, 國文 | |
| Singapore | 馬來語, 馬來話, 馬來文, 巫語 | |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 馬拉話, 馬拉文 |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 馬拉話 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 馬拉話 | |
| Southern Min | Penang (Hokkien) | 番仔話, 番仔 |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 番仔話, 番仔 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 馬來話 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 番囝話 | |
| Wenchang | 馬來話 | |
Adjective
番仔
- (Northern Min, Mainland China Hokkien) foreign; originating from foreign countries
- (Taiwanese, Singapore, Malaysian, Indonesian and Philippine Hokkien) native; inlander; indigenous (originating from the native peoples before ethnic Chinese migration/settlement, especially the Austronesian ethnolinguistic groups and sometimes the Negritos, Orang Asli, and sometimes by extension, the Filipino mestizos and Peranakans (Baba-Nyonya))