蜀黍

Chinese

Shu broomcorn millet; glutinous millet
trad. (蜀黍) 蜀 黍
simp. #(蜀黍) 蜀 黍
Literally: “Shu millet”.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 燭 (8) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 市玉切 舒吕切
Baxter dzyowk syoX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑɨok̚/ /ɕɨʌX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑuawk̚/ /ɕɨə̆X/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiok̚/ /ɕiɔX/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭwok̚/ /ɕĭoX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯wok̚/ /ɕi̯woX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shú shǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		suk6 syu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shǔ shǔ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyowk › ‹ syoX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ok/ /*s-tʰaʔ/
English caterpillar; Shu [place name] Panicum miliaceum, glutinous

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蜀 黍
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11842 11800
Phonetic
component 		蜀 黍
Rime
group 		屋 魚
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		蜀
Old
Chinese 		/*djoɡ/ /*hljaʔ/
Notes 甲文本象形，此爲加蟲轉註字，
亦作蠋

Noun

蜀黍

  1. sorghum
  2. (slang) alternative form of 叔叔 (“uncle”) (term of address for older men, especially those with unacceptable sexual habits)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 高粱 (“sorghum”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 高粱, 蜀黍
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 高粱
Taiwan 高粱
Ulanhot 高粱
Tongliao 高粱
Chifeng 高粱
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 高粱
Harbin 高粱
Shenyang 高粱
Singapore 高粱
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 高粱, 秫秫
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 胡秫
Qingdao 胡秫
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 高粱, 秫秫, 紅秫秫
Wanrong 䵚黍
Zhengzhou 黑秫秫, 秫秫
Xi'an 䵚黍
Xining 高粱
Xuzhou 秫秫, 小秫秫
Pizhou 秫秫, 小秫秫
Lianyungang (Ganyu) 秫秫, 紅粱
Donghai 蘆黍
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 䵚黍, 高粱
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 秫秫
Bayanhot 高粱, 秫秫
Lanzhou 秫秫, 高粱
Ürümqi 高粱
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 高粱
Wuhan 高粱
Guiyang 高粱
Kunming 高粱
Liuzhou 高粱
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 高粱
Yangzhou 高粱, 蘆書
Baoying 高粱
Taizhou 蘆穄
Zhenjiang 高粱
Huai'an (Huaiyin) 蘆黍
Xuyi 小蘆黍
Nantong 高粱
Rugao 高粱
Yancheng 蘆黍
Funing 蘆黍
Sihong 小蘆黍, 秫秫
Hefei 秫秫
Huanggang 榴粟
Cantonese Guangzhou 高粱粟, 高粱
Hong Kong 高粱粟, 高粱
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 高粱
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 高粱
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 高粱
Yangjiang 高粱粟, 枝勾粟
Danzhou 麥
Gan Nanchang 高粱
Lichuan 高粱
Pingxiang 高粱
Hakka Meixian 高粱粟, 蘆粟, 蘆粟仔
Xingning 羅粟
Dongguan (Qingxi) 高粱粟
Heyuan (Bendihua) 高粱
Wengyuan 高粱粟
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 高粱粟
Liannan 高粱粟
Jiexi 粟
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 高粱粟
Changting 高粱粟
Wuping 高粱粟
Wuping (Yanqian) 蘆粟
Wuping (Pingyu) 高粱粟
Liancheng 高粱粟
Ninghua 禾媽, 粟仔
Yudu 高粱粟, 粟子
Ningdu 粟子
Ruijin 粟子
Shicheng 高粱粟
Shangyou (Shexi) 粟子
Tonggu (Sandu) 蘆粟
Ganzhou (Panlong) 粟子
Dayu 粟哩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 高粱
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 高粱
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 高粱
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 高粱
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 高粱
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 高粟
Hong Kong 高粱粟
Yangxi (Tangkou) 高粱
Yangchun (Sanjia) 高粱粟
Xinyi (Sihe) 高粱粟
Xinyi (Qianpai) 高粱粟
Gaozhou (Xindong) 禾仔
Huazhou (Xin'an) 高粱
Lianjiang (Qingping) 高粱
Mengshan (Xihe) 高粱
Luchuan 高粱
Senai (Huiyang) 高粱粟, 高粱
Huizhou Jixi 蘿穄
Shexian 蘆穄
Huangshan (Tunxi) 蘆穄
Xiuning 蘆穄
Yixian 蘆穄
Qimen 蘆穄
Wuyuan 穄粟
Jingde 蘆穄
Shitai (Xianyu) 蘆穄
Jin Taiyuan 茭子
Pingyao 䵚黍
Xinzhou 茭子
Taibus (Baochang) 高粱
Linhe 高粱
Jining 高粱
Hohhot 茭子
Baotou 高粱
Dongsheng 高粱
Haibowan 高粱
Northern Min Jian'ou 蘆粟, 高粱
Jian'ou (Dikou) 觀音粟
Songxi 粟仔
Zhenghe 高粱粟
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 黍仔
Jianyang 蘆粟
Wuyishan 龍黍
Pucheng (Shibei) 蘆粟
Eastern Min Fuzhou 穄, 穄黍
Fuzhou (Changle) 穄
Fuqing 穄黍
Yongtai 黍
Gutian 黍
Fu'an 扣頭子
Ningde 高粱
Shouning 黍
Zhouning 黍
Fuding 黍
Matsu 穄米
Southern Min Xiamen 蘆黍, 番黍
Xiamen (Tong'an) 蘆黍
Quanzhou 番黍
Jinjiang 番黍
Yongchun 狗尾拖
Zhangzhou 黍仔
Taipei 番黍, 高粱
New Taipei (Sanxia) 番黍
Kaohsiung 蘆黍, 番黍, 高粱
Yilan 番黍
Kinmen 番黍, 蘆黍, 高粱
Kinmen (Jinsha) 蘆黍
Penghu (Magong) 蘆黍
Chaozhou 高粱
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 高粱
Wenchang 牛黍
Haikou 高粱
Puxian Min Putian 金黍, 狗尾黍, 黍越
Xianyou 黍, 懸跤黍
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 高粱
Wu Shanghai 高粱
Shanghai (Chongming) 高粱
Suzhou 粟子, 高粱
Wuxi 高粱
Changshu 高粱
Nantong (Haimen) 高粱
Changzhou 高粱
Danyang 高粱
Nanjing (Zhongbao, Gaochun) 蘆甲子
Ningbo 蘆穄
Wenzhou 高粱粟, 蓬頭粟
Jinhua 蘆穄
Xiang Changsha 高粱
Loudi 高粱
Shuangfeng 高粱
Hengyang 粟米

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Middle Korean: 슈슈 (sywusywu)

Further reading

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
もろこし
Hyōgai Hyōgai
jukujikun
Alternative spelling
唐黍

Clipping of 唐黍(もろこしきび) (morokoshi kibi), with the shortened reading then re-applied to the entire original kanji compounds 唐黍 and 蜀黍.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Tokyo) もろこし [mòrókóshí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [mo̞ɾo̞ko̞ɕi]

Noun

蜀黍(もろこし) or 蜀黍(モロコシ) • (morokoshi) 

  1. sorghum, Sorghum bicolor
    Synonyms: 唐黍 (morokoshi kibi), 唐黍 (tōkibi), 高黍 (takakibi), 蜀黍 (shokusho)
  2. short for 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi, “maize, corn (especially corn on the cob)”)
Usage notes

The term 玉蜀黍 (tōmorokoshi) is more common for the maize sense.

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
もろこし
Hyōgai 		きび
Hyōgai
irregular kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
唐黍
For pronunciation and definitions of 蜀黍 – see the following entry.
【唐黍もろこしきび】
[noun] synonym of 蜀黍 (morokoshi, “sorghum, Sorghum bicolor”)
(This term, 蜀黍, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
蜀 黍
しょく
Hyōgai 		しょ
Hyōgai
kan'on

From Middle Chinese compound 蜀黍 (MC dzyowk syoX, literally “Shu (old place name) + millet”). The ancient state of Shu is roughly analogous to modern Sichuan province.

This reading appears to be rare, and may be obsolete.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ɕo̞kɯ̟ɕo̞]

Noun

蜀(しょく)黍(しょ) • (shokusho) 

  1. (rare, possibly obsolete) sorghum

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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