輩

See also: 辈

輩	U+8F29, 輩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F29

← 輨
[U+8F28]

CJK Unified Ideographs

輪 →
[U+8F2A]

Translingual

Han character

輩 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+8, 15 strokes, cangjie input 中卜十田十 (LYJWJ), four-corner 1150₆, composition ⿱非車)

Derived characters

𠐡, 𫚄

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1245, character 19
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38398
Dae Jaweon: page 1722, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3538, character 5
Unihan data for U+8F29

Chinese

trad.		輩
simp.		辈
alternative forms		軰

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (非) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
啡	*pʰɯːlʔ
排	*brɯːl
俳	*brɯːl
輫	brɯːl, buːl
悲	*prɯl
棑	breː, brɯːls
輩	*puːls
裴	buːl, bɯl
徘	*buːl
琲	*buːlʔ
痱	buːlʔ, pɯds, bɯl, bɯls
非	*pɯl
扉	*pɯl
緋	*pɯl
猆	*pɯl
斐	pɯl, pʰɯlʔ
馡	*pɯl
騑	pɯl, pʰɯl
誹	pɯl, pɯlʔ, *pɯls
餥	pɯl, pɯlʔ
匪	*pɯlʔ
棐	*pɯlʔ
蜚	pɯlʔ, bɯls
篚	*pɯlʔ
榧	*pɯlʔ
鯡	*pɯls
霏	*pʰɯl
菲	pʰɯl, pʰɯlʔ, *bɯls
婔	*pʰɯl
裶	*pʰɯl
悱	*pʰɯlʔ
奜	*pʰɯlʔ
腓	bɯl, bɯls
陫	*bɯlʔ
屝	*bɯls
厞	*bɯls
翡	*bɯls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *puːls): semantic 車 + phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bèi (bei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bui³
Gan (Wiktionary): bi⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pi
Jin (Wiktionary): bei³
Northern Min (KCR): bo̿
Eastern Min (BUC): buói
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pòe
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵pe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bèi
  - Wade–Giles: pei⁴
  - Yale: bèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
  - Palladius: бэй (bɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (輩兒 / 辈儿)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bèir
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋㄦ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bèir
  - Wade–Giles: pei⁴-ʼrh
  - Yale: bèir
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bell
  - Palladius: бэйр (bɛjr)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pəɻ⁵¹/

Note: bèir - “lifetime”.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: bui³
  - Yale: bui
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bui³
  - Guangdong Romanization: bui³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːi̯³³/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: bi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pi
  - Hakka Romanization System: bi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /pi⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bei³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pei⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bo̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: buói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pui²¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pòe
  - Tâi-lô: puè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poex
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pue²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pue²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pue¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pue²¹/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵pe
  - MiniDict: pe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²pe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pe³⁴/

Middle Chinese: pwojH

Rime
Character	輩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	補妹切
Baxter	pwojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/puoi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/puɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwəj^H/
Li Rong	/puᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/puɒi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/puɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bèi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bui³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*puːls/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	輩
Reading #	1/1
No.	3070
Phonetic component	非
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	背
Old Chinese	/*puːls/

Definitions

輩

people of a certain kind; class; cohort
seniority among generations in a family or clan; position in the family hierarchy
lifetime
a surname, Bei

Synonyms

(seniority among generations):

字勻 / 字匀 (Hokkien)
字輩 / 字辈 (zìbèi)
班輩 / 班辈 (bānbèi)
行輩 / 行辈 (hángbèi)
輩分 / 辈分
輩數 / 辈数 (bèishù)
輩行 / 辈行 (bèiháng)

(lifetime):

一世 (yīshì)
一生 (yīshēng)
一生一世 (yīshēngyīshì)
一輩子 / 一辈子 (yībèizi) (colloquial)
世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
平生 (píngshēng)
永世 (yǒngshì)
永生 (yǒngshēng)
沒世 / 没世 (mòshì)
生平 (shēngpíng)
畢生 / 毕生 (bìshēng)
終生 / 终生 (zhōngshēng)
終身 / 终身 (zhōngshēn)
輩子 / 辈子 (bèizi)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

輩

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: へ (he)^{←へ (fe, historical)}
Kan-on: はい (hai, Jōyō)^{←はい (fai, historical)}
Kun: ともがら (tomogara, 輩)、やから (yakara, 輩)
Nanori: とも (tomo)

Compounds

輩(はい)出(しゅつ) (haishutsu)
下(か)輩(はい) (kahai)
愚(ぐ)輩(はい) (guhai)
軽(けい)輩(はい) (keihai)
下(げ)輩(はい) (gehai)
後(こう)輩(はい) (kōhai, “junior member of a group”)
古(こ)朋(ほう)輩(ばい) (kohōbai)
儕(さい)輩(はい) (saihai)
雑(ざっ)輩(ぱい) (zappai)
児(じ)輩(はい) (jihai)
時(じ)輩(はい) (jihai)
若(じゃく)輩(はい), 弱(じゃく)輩(はい) (jakuhai)
小(しょう)輩(はい) (shōhai)
上(じょう)輩(はい) (jōhai)
数(す)輩(はい) (suhai)
儕(せい)輩(はい) (seihai)
先(せん)輩(ぱい) (senpai, “upperclassman”)
俗(ぞく)輩(はい) (zokuhai)
鼠(そ)輩(はい) (sohai)
中(ちゅう)輩(はい) (chūhai)
同(どう)年(ねん)輩(ぱい) (dōnenpai)
等(とう)輩(はい) (tōhai)
同(どう)輩(はい) (dōhai)
徒(と)輩(はい) (tohai)
奴(ど)輩(はい) (dohai)
傍(ほう)輩(ばい), 朋(ほう)輩(ばい) (hōbai)
末(まっ)輩(ぱい) (mappai)
余(よ)輩(はい) (yohai)
老(ろう)輩(はい) (rōhai)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
輩
ともがら Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 輩 – see the following entry.

【ともがら】

[noun] fellows, folks

Alternative spellings
徒, 們

(This term, 輩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
輩
やから Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 輩 – see the following entry.

【やから】

[noun] (chiefly derogatory) same kind people; a set, a lot, fellows

[noun] (dialectal) dissatisfaction, complaint, or someone who complains or provokes a dispute [from early 17th c.]

Alternative spelling
族

(This term, 輩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

輩 (eumhun 무리 배 (muri bae))

hanja form^? of 배 (“generation, lifetime”)
hanja form^? of 배 (“class”)

Vietnamese

Han character

輩: Hán Nôm readings: bối

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.