Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/děra

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Enlonged grade of *derti (“to tear”) +‎ *-a.

Noun

*dě̄rà f[1]

  1. crack, snick, notch
    Synonyms: *rězъ, *pazina, *želbъ

Alternative forms

Declension

Declension of *dě̄rà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *dě̄rà *dě̃rě *dě̄rỳ
genitive *dě̄rỳ *dě̄rù *dě̃rъ
dative *dě̄rě̀ *dě̄ràma *dě̄ràmъ
accusative *dě̄rǫ̀ *dě̃rě *dě̄rỳ
instrumental *dě̄ròjǫ, *dě̃rǫ** *dě̄ràma *dě̄ràmī
locative *dě̄rě̀ *dě̄rù *dě̄ràsъ, *dě̄ràxъ*
vocative *děro *dě̃rě *dě̄rỳ

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

  • *derti, *dьrati (“to tear, to flay”)
  • *derъ, *derьba (“skinning, flaying”)
  • *dorъ (“tearing, split”)

Derived terms

  • *děravъ (“torn, ragged”)
  • *děrьnъ (“hollow”)

Descendants

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: дѣра (děra)
      • Old Ruthenian: дѣра́ (děrá)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading

  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*děra”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 12

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dě̄rà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 103: “f. ā 'crack, hole'”
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