Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrča

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

Action noun of *dьrkati (“to pluck, to tug”) +‎ *-ja, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to split”).

Noun

*dь̃rča f

  1. stomach growling (due to hunger)
  2. (by extension) hunger, famine
    Synonym: *goldъ
Alternative forms
  • *dьrca
Declension
Declension of *dь̃rča (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular dual plural
nominative *dь̃rča *dь̃rči *dь̃rčę̇
genitive *dь̃rčę̇ *dь̃rču *dь̃rčь
dative *dь̃rči *dь̃rčama *dь̃rčamъ
accusative *dь̃rčǫ *dь̃rči *dь̃rčę̇
instrumental *dь̃rčejǫ, *dь̃rčǫ** *dь̃rčama *dь̃rčamī
locative *dь̃rči *dь̃rču *dь̃rčasъ, *dь̃rčaxъ*
vocative *dьrče *dь̃rči *dь̃rčę̇

* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

  • *dьrkačь (“corncrake”)
  • *dьrcati (“to pluck, to jerk”)
  • *dьrgati (“to comb, to scratch”)
Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: дръ́ча (drǎ́ča), дъ́рца (dǎ́rca) (dialectal)
    • Serbo-Croatian: др́ц m (colloquial, in Torlak dialects)

Further reading

Etymology 2

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dírkjāˀ.

According to BER, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerk- (“to dim, to darken”). Likely related to Lithuanian darkùs (“dirty, nasty, bad (for weather)”), Latvian dārks (“spotted, variegarted”).[1] Further akin to Proto-West Germanic *derk (“dark”), Proto-Celtic *dergos (“crimson”), Tocharian A tärkär/Tocharian B tarkär (“cloud”) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg- (“to darken”), apparently a variation of *dʰerk- (compare Lithuanian der̃kti (“to make dirty”) and Lithuanian dérgti (“to soil, to defile”)).

Snoj nonetheless connects *dьrča with *dьrkati, identical to Etymology 1.

Noun

*dь̀rča f

  1. bad (cold, rainy, foggy) weather
    Synonyms: *dъždžь, *padorga
Declension
Declension of *dь̀rča (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *dь̀rča *dь̀rči *dь̀rčę̇
genitive *dь̀rčę̇ *dь̀rču *dь̀rčь
dative *dь̀rčī *dь̀rčama *dь̀rčāmъ
accusative *dь̀rčǫ *dь̀rči *dь̀rčę̇
instrumental *dь̀rčējǫ, *dь̀rčǭ* *dь̀rčama *dь̀rčāmī
locative *dь̀rčī *dь̀rču *dь̀rčāsъ
vocative *dь̀rče *dь̀rči *dь̀rčę̇

* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

  • *padorga (“bad weather”), *sǫdorga (“hail”)
  • *drězga (“murky, densely packed space; bush, hurst”)
  • *drěgavъ, *drězgavъ (“dim, murky, unclear”)
Derived terms
  • *dьrčavъ (“rainy, foggy, cold (for weather)”)
Descendants
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: дъ́рча (dǎ́rča) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: дрча (drča)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: др̏ча, др̑ча (dialectal)
      Latin script: dȑča, dȓča (dialectal)
    • Slovene: dŕča

Further reading

  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дърча”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 466
  • Snoj, Marko (2016) “dŕča”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si

References

  1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “darkus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 116
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