stemma

Borrowed from Latin stemma, from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).

stemma (plural stemmata or stemmas)

1. A family tree or recorded genealogy.
   • 1941, Sterling Dow, “A Family of Sculptors from Tyre”, in Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens‎^[1], →DOI, page 359:

     Where so few dates are known, an authoritative stemma is out of the question

2. In the study of stemmatics, a diagram showing the relationship of a text to its manuscripts.
3. One of the types of simple eyes in arthropods.

• stemma codicum
• stemmatics

From Swedish stämma.

• IPA^(key): /ˈstemːɑ/, [ˈs̠te̞mːɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -emːɑ
• Syllabification^(key): stem‧ma
• Hyphenation^(key): stem‧ma

stemma

1. (music) part, voice; harmony (melody played or sung by a particular instrument, voice, or group of instruments or voices, within a polyphonic piece)

   laulaa stemmoja

   to sing harmonies

• “stemma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

• sammet

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɛmːa/
• Rhymes: -ɛmːa

Inherited from Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”), from Proto-Germanic *stammijaną. Compare Swedish stämma (“to block”), Old English gistemen (“to restrain”), English stem and English stammer.

stemma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative stemmdi, supine stemmt)

1. to stop, block, stem

   Synonym: stífla

• stemma stigu við
• stemmdur

Derived from the verb stemma (1) or the related adjective stamur, which shows variation between -m- and -mm- in the stem; compare Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (stamms).

stemma f (genitive singular stemmu, nominative plural stemmur)

1. dam
2. stiffness
3. moistness

Borrowed from Danish stemme, from Middle Low German stemmen. Related to stemma (“melody [for a ballad]”) (4).

stemma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative stemmdi, supine stemmt)

1. to fit, to agree with, to correspond to, to coincide with

   Synonyms: koma heim, koma heim og saman, passa

2. (music, of an instrument) to be in tune
3. (music) to tune (an instrument)

   Synonym: stilla

Borrowed from Danish stemme (“voice; musical part; vote”).

stemma f (genitive singular stemmu, nominative plural stemmur)

1. (obsolete) a musical voice or sound
2. a melody, generally for ballads (rímur)
3. (obsolete) vote (instance of participating in a formalized choice by a group)

Learned borrowing from Latin stemma (“garland, wreath; pedigree, family tree”), from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma, “garland, wreath”).

stemma n (genitive singular stemma, nominative plural stemmu)

1. (stemmatics, very rare) stemma (diagram showing the relationship of variants of a text)
   • 2011, Þórdís Edda Jóhannesdóttir, “Sigurdrífumál og eyðan í Konungsbók Eddukvæða”, in Gripla, volume XXIII, page 303 of 287—317:

     Varðveisla handritsins veldur líklega mestum vandræðum í stemmanu.

     The preservation of the manuscript probably causes the greatest problems in the stemma.

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) “stemma”, in Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)

From Latin stemma, from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɛm.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɛmma
• Hyphenation: stèm‧ma

stemma m (plural stemmi)

1. coat of arms, scutcheon, charge

• stegma, stigma (Medieval Latin)

From the Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈstɛm.ma]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈst̪ɛm.ma]

stemma n (genitive stemmatis); third declension

1. (post-Classical, in general) a garland or wreath
2. (post-Augustan, in particular) a garland hung upon an ancestral image
   1. (transferred sense) a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree
      1. (figurative) nobility, honoured pedigree, august lineage

         argentī fūmōsa suī stemmata nārrāre

         (please add an English translation of this usage example)

         to tell the smoky nobility of his silverware

      2. (Medieval Latin) a crown

         ā stemmate ūsque subūculam cultū rēgālī exūtī

         (please add an English translation of this usage example)

      3. (Medieval Latin) wergeld
   2. (Medieval Latin) a kinsman, a blood-relative

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

• English: stemma
• Italian: stemma
• Sicilian: stemma

• “stemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• stemma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,476/3.
• “stemma” on page 1,817/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “stemma”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 991/1

stemma f

1. definite singular of stemme

From German Low German stemmen.

• stemme

stemma (present tense stemmer, past tense stemde or stemte, past participle stemt, present participle stemmande, imperative stem)

1. to tune (e.g. a guitar or a piano)
2. to vote
3. to put in a certain mood

   Talen hans gjorde alle velvillig stemt.

   His speech made everyone positively inclined.

• (vote) røysta/røyste

• stemmegaffel
• stemmerett
• stemming
• stemning

Inherited from Old Norse stemma.

stemma (present tense stemmer, past tense stemde or stemte, past participle stemt, present participle stemmande, imperative stem)

1. (folklore) to stop a bleeding by using magic power; to still blood

   Synonyms: dempa, stansa, stilla

• stimma, stimna
• *stefna

From Proto-West Germanic *stebnu, from Proto-Germanic *stebnō.

stemma f

1. voice

• Middle Dutch: stemme, stimme, stevene, steffene
  • Dutch: stem
  • Limburgish: stöm

• “stimma”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012