殉

殉	U+6B89, 殉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B89

← 殈
[U+6B88]

CJK Unified Ideographs

殊 →
[U+6B8A]

Translingual

Han character

殉 (Kangxi radical 78, 歹+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一弓心日 (MNPA), four-corner 1722₀, composition ⿰歹旬)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 580, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16448
Dae Jaweon: page 972, character 30
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1386, character 6
Unihan data for U+6B89

Chinese

trad.		殉
simp. ^#		殉

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (匀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
枃	*skins
笉	*skʰinʔ
郇	ɡʷreːn, sqʰʷin
絢	*qʰʷiːns
眴	qʰʷiːns, ɡʷiːns, sqʰʷin, qʰʷjins, *ŋʷjin
盷	*ɡʷiːn
訇	ɡʷiːn, qʰʷreːŋ
迿	ɡʷiːns, sqʰʷins
姰	ɡʷiːns, sqʰʷin
畇	l'iːŋ, sqʰʷin, sɢʷin, ɢʷin
荀	*sqʰʷin
詢	*sqʰʷin
洵	sqʰʷin, sɢʷin
恂	*sqʰʷin
峋	*sqʰʷin
珣	*sqʰʷin
槆	*sqʰʷin
筍	*sqʰʷinʔ
箰	*sqʰʷinʔ
旬	*sɢʷin
殉	*sɢʷins
徇	*sɢʷins
侚	*sɢʷins
均	*kʷin
鈞	*kʷin
袀	*kʷin
汮	kʷin, kʷrin
呁	*kʷins
筠	*ɡʷin
荺	ɢʷin, ɡʷinʔ
匀	*ɢʷin
韵	*ɢʷins
輷	qʰʷreːŋ, qʰʷreːŋs
揈	*qʰʷreːŋ
鍧	*qʰʷreːŋ
渹	*qʰʷreːŋ
赹	*ɡʷeŋ
憌	*ɡʷeŋ
惸	*ɡʷeŋ
咰	*sqʰʷrid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sɢʷins): semantic 歹 + phonetic 旬 (OC *sɢʷin).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xùn (xun⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): seon¹ / seon⁶
Eastern Min (BUC): sŭng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): song⁴ / suong⁴ / song⁵ / suong⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): sūn / sûn

(Teochew, Peng'im): sung⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄣˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syùn
  - Wade–Giles: hsün⁴
  - Yale: syùn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiunn
  - Palladius: сюнь (sjunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyn⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: seon¹ / seon⁶
  - Yale: sēun / seuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soen¹ / soen⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sên¹ / sên⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵn⁵⁵/, /sɵn²²/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: song⁴
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seo̍ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɔŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: suong⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬuoŋ⁴²/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: song⁵
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɔŋ¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: suong⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬuoŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūn
  - Tâi-lô: sūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sun
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sun²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sun³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sûn
  - Tâi-lô: sûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suun
  - IPA (Taipei): /sun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sun²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sung⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sûng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: zwinH

Rime
Character	殉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	辭閏切
Baxter	zwinH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziuɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/zʷin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/zjuen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zwin^H/
Li Rong	/ziuĕn^H/
Wang Li	/zĭuĕn^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯uĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xùn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seon⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[ɢ]ʷi[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*sɢʷins/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	殉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xùn
Middle Chinese	‹ zwin^H ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[ɢ]ʷi[n]-s/
English	accompany in death
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	殉
Reading #	1/1
No.	16398
Phonetic component	匀
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*sɢʷins/

Definitions

殉

to be buried alive with the dead
to die for the cause of; to be a martyr for
(literary) to pursue

Compounds

以身殉國 / 以身殉国
以身殉職 / 以身殉职 (yǐshēnxùnzhí)
以身殉道
因公殉職 / 因公殉职 (yīngōngxùnzhí)
小人殉財 / 小人殉财
捐生殉國 / 捐生殉国
殉利
殉名
殉國 / 殉国
殉情 (xùnqíng)
殉情記 / 殉情记
殉教 (xùnjiào)
殉節 / 殉节 (xùnjié)
殉義 / 殉义
殉義忘生 / 殉义忘生
殉義忘身 / 殉义忘身
殉職 / 殉职 (xùnzhí)
殉葬 (xùnzàng)
殉葬品
殉財 / 殉财
殉身
殉道 (xùndào)
殉道者 (xùndàozhě)
殉難 / 殉难 (xùnnàn)

References

莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “殉”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 272.

Japanese

Kanji

殉

(Jōyō kanji)

to die for a cause

Readings

Go-on: じゅん (jun, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しゅん (shun)
Kun: したがう (shitagau, 殉う)

Korean

Hanja

殉 (eum 순 (sun))

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Vietnamese

Han character

殉: Hán Nôm readings: tuẫn

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.