hamburger
English
Alternative forms
- hamburgher (dated)
Etymology
Shortening of Hamburger sandwich, Hamburger steak, etc.; or, less likely, borrowed from German Hamburger (“native of Hamburg”), equivalent to Hamburg + -er. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈhæmˌbɜː.ɡə/, /ˈhæm.bə.ɡə/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈhæmˌbɝ.ɡɚ/, /ˈhæm.bɚ.ɡɚ/
- (Dublin) IPA(key): /ˈhæmˌbʊ˞.ɡɚ/, /ˈhæmˌbʊ˞.ɡɐ/, /ˈhæm.bɚ.ɡɚ/
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Noun
hamburger (countable and uncountable, plural hamburgers)
- A hot sandwich consisting of a patty of cooked ground beef or a meat substitute, in a sliced bun, usually also containing salad vegetables, condiments, or both.
- The patty used in such a sandwich.
- (uncountable) Ground beef, especially that intended to be made into hamburgers.
- (US, colloquial, somewhat crude) An animal or human, or the flesh thereof, that has been badly injured as a result of an accident or conflict.
- The truck hit the deer and turned it into hamburger.
- I'm going to make you into hamburger if you do that again.
- (graphical user interface) Ellipsis of hamburger button.
- (US, education, informal) Describing the shape of a rectangular piece of paper folded in half so that it forms a short rectangle.
- Coordinate term: hot dog
Synonyms
- liberty sandwich (US, historical)
- (sandwich): beefburger
- (patty): hamburger patty
Hypernyms
- (sandwich): burger
Hyponyms
(sandwich, patty):
Coordinate terms
(sandwich, patty):
Derived terms
- $100 hamburger
- burger
- cheeseburger
- cheesehamburger
- Chinese hamburger
- gardenburger
- Gomez's Hamburger
- hamburger button
- hamburger icon
- hamburgerless
- hamburgerlike
- hamburger menu
- hamburgerologist
- hamburgerology
- hamburger sauce
- hamburger steak
- hot hamburger sandwich
- hundred-dollar hamburger
- minihamburger
- shamburger
- soyburger
- vegeburger
- vegetarian hamburger
Descendants
- → Burmese: ဟမ်ဘာဂါ (hambhaga)
- → Dutch: hamburger
- → Estonian: hamburger
- → Finnish: hampurilainen
- → French: hamburger m
- → German: Hamburger m
- → Bulgarian: хамбургер (hamburger)
- → Hungarian: hamburger
- → Japanese: ハンバーガー
- → Italian: hamburger m
- → Khmer: ហាំប៊ឺហ្គឺ (hambɨɨgɨɨ)
- → Korean: 햄버거 (haembeogeo)
- → Macedonian: хамбургер (hamburger)
- → Mongolian: хамбургер (xamburger)
- → Persian: همبرگر
- → Polish: hamburger
- → Portuguese: hambúrguer m
- → Romanian: hamburger m
- → Russian: га́мбургер (gámburger)
- → Mongolian: гамбургер (gamburger)
- → Swahili: hambaga
- → Thai: แฮมเบอร์เกอร์ (hɛm-bəə-gə̂ə)
- → Turkish: hamburger
- → Ukrainian: га́мбургер (hámburher)
- → Vietnamese: hăm-bơ-gơ
Translations
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See also
- 🍔 (hamburger emoji)
Verb
hamburger (third-person singular simple present hamburgers, present participle hamburgering, simple past and past participle hamburgered)
- To badly injure or damage.
- 1944, C. G. Morris, Hugh B. Cave, “The Fightin’est Ship”: The Story of the Cruiser “Helena”, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, page 62:
- The men played baseball on coral diamonds that tore their shoes and clothes and hamburgered their hands.
- 1981, John Nichols, The Nirvana Blues, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, page 283:
- And his tires triggered no Claymore mines or Bouncing Betties that might have hamburgered his vehicle with him in it.
- 1994, Beatrice Sparks (falsely indicated as editor), It Happened to Nancy: By an Anonymous Teenager, a True Story from Her Diary, Avon Books, published 2005, →ISBN, page 133:
- My tears are like gagged pieces of ice cutting up my eyeballs and hamburgering my face.
- 2014, Shannon Galpin, Mountain to Mountain: A Journey of Adventure and Activism for the Women of Afghanistan, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN, page 47:
- It’s a trail that has taken more than its fair share of blood, my first flat tire, and hamburgered my entire forearm on a descent.
- 2019, Christopher McDougall, Running with Sherman: The Donkey with the Heart of a Hero, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, page 51:
- Ken broke three fingers and hamburgered his legs, but he still got to his feet, chased down his burro, and continued on to the finish line.
- 2020, Lynn Stansbury, Crossing the Divide, Bloomington, Ind.: iUniverse:
- Why they didn’t both break their necks or get hamburgered by cloven hooves was a mystery.
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɦamburɡr̩]
Noun
hamburger m inan
- hamburger (a hot sandwich consisting of a patty of cooked ground beef, in a sliced bun, sometimes also containing salad vegetables, condiments, or both)
- Synonym: hambáč
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | hamburger | hamburgery, hamburgry |
| genitive | hamburgeru, hamburgru | hamburgerů, hamburgrů |
| dative | hamburgeru, hamburgru | hamburgerům, hamburgrům |
| accusative | hamburger, hamburgera, hamburgra | hamburgery, hamburgry |
| vocative | hamburgere, hamburgre, hamburgře | hamburgery, hamburgry |
| locative | hamburgeru, hamburgru | hamburgerech, hamburgrech |
| instrumental | hamburgerem, hamburgrem | hamburgery, hamburgry |
Further reading
- “hamburger”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English hamburger.
Pronunciation
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: ham‧bur‧ger
Noun
hamburger m (plural hamburgers, diminutive hamburgertje n)
Estonian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhɑm(ˌ)b̥urɡ̊er/, [ˈ(h)ɑm(ˌ)b̥urɡ̊er]
- Rhymes: -urɡer
- Hyphenation: ham‧bur‧ger
Noun
hamburger (genitive hamburgeri, partitive hamburgerit or hamburgeri)
- hamburger
- (colloquial) a sign resembling a multi-layered bun, under which a web page menu opens
Declension
| Declension of hamburger (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | hamburger | hamburgerid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | hamburgeri | ||
| genitive | hamburgerite | ||
| partitive | hamburgerit | hamburgereid | |
| illative | hamburgerisse | hamburgeritesse hamburgereisse | |
| inessive | hamburgeris | hamburgerites hamburgereis | |
| elative | hamburgerist | hamburgeritest hamburgereist | |
| allative | hamburgerile | hamburgeritele hamburgereile | |
| adessive | hamburgeril | hamburgeritel hamburgereil | |
| ablative | hamburgerilt | hamburgeritelt hamburgereilt | |
| translative | hamburgeriks | hamburgeriteks hamburgereiks | |
| terminative | hamburgerini | hamburgeriteni | |
| essive | hamburgerina | hamburgeritena | |
| abessive | hamburgerita | hamburgeriteta | |
| comitative | hamburgeriga | hamburgeritega | |
| Declension of hamburger (ÕS type 19/seminar, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | hamburger | hamburgerid | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | hamburgeri | ||
| genitive | hamburgeride | ||
| partitive | hamburgeri | hamburgere hamburgerisid | |
| illative | hamburgeri hamburgerisse |
hamburgeridesse hamburgeresse | |
| inessive | hamburgeris | hamburgerides hamburgeres | |
| elative | hamburgerist | hamburgeridest hamburgerest | |
| allative | hamburgerile | hamburgeridele hamburgerele | |
| adessive | hamburgeril | hamburgeridel hamburgerel | |
| ablative | hamburgerilt | hamburgeridelt hamburgerelt | |
| translative | hamburgeriks | hamburgerideks hamburgereks | |
| terminative | hamburgerini | hamburgerideni | |
| essive | hamburgerina | hamburgeridena | |
| abessive | hamburgerita | hamburgerideta | |
| comitative | hamburgeriga | hamburgeridega | |
References
French
Etymology
From English hamburger, from German Hamburger.
Pronunciation
- (France) (aspirated h) IPA(key): /ɑ̃.bœʁ.ɡœʁ/, /ɑ̃.buʁ.ɡɛʁ/, /ɑ̃.buʁ.ɡœʁ/, /am.bœʁ.ɡœʁ/
Audio (Paris): (file) Audio (France, Normandy): (file) Audio (France, Avignon): (file) - (Quebec, Missouri, New England, Louisiana) (aspirated h) IPA(key): /ambɚɡɚ/
Audio (Quebec, Montreal): (file) - Rhymes: -œʁ, -ɚ
- Homophone: hamburgers
Noun
hamburger m (plural hamburgers)
- hamburger
- Synonyms: burger, hambourgeois
- Hyponyms: cheeseburger, fishburger
Further reading
- “hamburger” in the Dictionnaire de l’Académie française, 9th Edition (1992-).
- “hamburger” in Dictionnaire français en ligne Larousse.
- “hamburger” in Dictionnaire Le Robert.
- “hamburger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Hungarian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈhɒmburɡɛr]
- Hyphenation: ham‧bur‧ger
- Rhymes: -ɛr
Noun
hamburger (plural hamburgerek)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | hamburger | hamburgerek |
| accusative | hamburgert | hamburgereket |
| dative | hamburgernek | hamburgereknek |
| instrumental | hamburgerrel | hamburgerekkel |
| causal-final | hamburgerért | hamburgerekért |
| translative | hamburgerré | hamburgerekké |
| terminative | hamburgerig | hamburgerekig |
| essive-formal | hamburgerként | hamburgerekként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | hamburgerben | hamburgerekben |
| superessive | hamburgeren | hamburgereken |
| adessive | hamburgernél | hamburgereknél |
| illative | hamburgerbe | hamburgerekbe |
| sublative | hamburgerre | hamburgerekre |
| allative | hamburgerhez | hamburgerekhez |
| elative | hamburgerből | hamburgerekből |
| delative | hamburgerről | hamburgerekről |
| ablative | hamburgertől | hamburgerektől |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
hamburgeré | hamburgereké |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
hamburgeréi | hamburgerekéi |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | hamburgerem | hamburgereim |
| 2nd person sing. | hamburgered | hamburgereid |
| 3rd person sing. | hamburgere | hamburgerei |
| 1st person plural | hamburgerünk | hamburgereink |
| 2nd person plural | hamburgeretek | hamburgereitek |
| 3rd person plural | hamburgerük | hamburgereik |
Derived terms
- hambi
- hamburgeres
- hamburgerezik
Related terms
References
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /amˈbur.ɡer/[1]
- Rhymes: -urɡer
Noun
hamburger m (invariable)
References
- ^ hamburger in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From German Hamburger and English hamburger.
Noun
hamburger m (definite singular hamburgeren, indefinite plural hamburgere, definite plural hamburgerne)
- a Hamburger (person from Hamburg)
- Hamburgerene i klassen snakket tysk.
- The Hamburgers in the class spoke German.
- a hamburger (fast food)
- Vil du ha pommes til hamburgeren?
- Do you want fries with your hamburger?
See also
- hamburgar (Nynorsk)
References
- “hamburger” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from American English hamburger.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xamˈbur.ɡɛr/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -urɡɛr
- Syllabification: ham‧bur‧ger
Noun
hamburger m animal (related adjective hamburgerowy)
- hamburger (ground beef, especially that intended to be made into hamburgers)
- hamburger (hot sandwich consisting of a patty of cooked ground beef or a meat substitute, in a sliced bun, sometimes also containing salad vegetables, condiments, or both)
- Synonym: burger
- Hypernym: kanapka
- Hyponym: Big Mac
- Coordinate terms: cheeseburger, fishburger
- (derogatory, ethnic slur) burger (American person)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | hamburger | hamburgery |
| genitive | hamburgera | hamburgerów |
| dative | hamburgerowi | hamburgerom |
| accusative | hamburger/hamburgera | hamburgery |
| instrumental | hamburgerem | hamburgerami |
| locative | hamburgerze | hamburgerach |
| vocative | hamburgerze | hamburgery |
Derived terms
- hamburgerownia
- hamburgeryzacja
Further reading
- hamburger in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- hamburger in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- hamburger in PWN's encyclopedia
Portuguese
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from English hamburger.
Noun
hamburger m or f (plural hamburgers)
- alternative spelling of hambúrguer
Romanian
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from English hamburger or French hamburger.
Noun
hamburger m (plural hamburgeri)
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
| nominative-accusative | hamburger | hamburgerul | hamburgeri | hamburgerii | |
| genitive-dative | hamburger | hamburgerului | hamburgeri | hamburgerilor | |
| vocative | hamburgerule | hamburgerilor | |||
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English hamburger.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xamˈbeɾɡeɾ/ [xãmˈbeɾ.ɣ̞eɾ]
- Rhymes: -eɾɡeɾ
- Syllabification: ham‧bur‧ger
Noun
hamburger m (plural hamburgers)
- (Puerto Rico) hamburger
- Synonym: hamburguesa
Further reading
- “hamburger”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
Turkish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [hɑm.ˈbuɾ.ɟæɾ]
Noun
hamburger (definite accusative hamburgeri, plural hamburgerler)
Declension
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