擒

擒	U+64D2, 擒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64D2

← 擑
[U+64D1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

擓 →
[U+64D3]

Translingual

Han character

擒 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手人卜月 (QOYB), four-corner 5802₇, composition ⿰扌禽)

Derived characters

𫬜

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 458, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12816
Dae Jaweon: page 807, character 13
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1961, character 2
Unihan data for U+64D2

Chinese

trad.		擒
simp. ^#		擒
alternative forms		㩒捦扲

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 擒
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
貪	*kʰl'uːm
嗿	*l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋	l̥ʰuːms, luːms
酓	qʰɯːm, qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠	*qʰɯːm
谽	*qʰɯːm
唅	qʰɯːm, ɡɯːms
含	*ɡɯːm
肣	ɡɯːm, ɡɯːmʔ
頷	ɡɯːm, ɡɯːmʔ
筨	*ɡɯːm
梒	*ɡɯːm
鋡	*ɡɯːm
莟	ɡɯːmʔ, ɡɯːms
琀	*ɡɯːms
浛	*ɡɯːms
盦	qɯːm, qaːb
韽	qɯːm, qrɯːms
玪	*krɯːm
妗	qʰrɯːm, kʰjam, qʰlɯːm, ɡrɯms
欦	qʰrɯːmʔ, qʰram, kʰlam, kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔	ɡram, ɡrɯm
鈐	*ɡram
鳹	*ɡram
雂	ɡram, ɡrɯm
念	*nɯːms
梣	sɡɯm, sɡrɯm
枔	*sɢrɯm
岑	*sɡrɯm
笒	sɡrɯm, ɡrɯms
涔	*sɡrɯm
侺	*ɡjɯms
今	*krɯm
黅	*krɯm
衿	*krɯm
衾	*kʰrɯm
坅	*kʰrɯmʔ
搇	*kʰrɯms
琴	*ɡrɯm
禽	*ɡrɯm
芩	*ɡrɯm
庈	*ɡrɯm
耹	*ɡrɯm
靲	*ɡrɯm
擒	*ɡrɯm
檎	*ɡrɯm
紟	*ɡrɯms
吟	ŋɡrɯm, ŋɡrɯms
訡	*ŋɡrɯm
廞	qʰrɯm, qʰrɯmʔ
陰	*qrɯm
霠
飲	qrɯmʔ, qrɯms
蔭	*qrɯms
廕	*qrɯms
矜	ɡrɯn, ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrɯm): semantic 扌 + phonetic 禽 (OC *ɡrɯm).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qín (qin²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kam⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khìm

(Hailu, HRS): kim
Eastern Min (BUC): kièng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): king²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khîm

(Teochew, Peng'im): kim⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶jin

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qín
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cín
  - Wade–Giles: chʻin²
  - Yale: chín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyn
  - Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kam⁴
  - Yale: kàhm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kam⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kem⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɐm²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khìm
  - Hakka Romanization System: kim^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kim²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰim¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: kim
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰim⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kièng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰieŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: king²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: kíng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: king²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰiŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khîm
  - Tâi-lô: khîm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qiim
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰim²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰim²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰim¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰim²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰim²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: kim⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khîm
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰim⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶jin
  - MiniDict: jin^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jjin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑin²³/

Middle Chinese: gim

Rime
Character	擒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巨金切
Baxter	gim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gjim/
Li Rong	/ɡjəm/
Wang Li	/ɡĭĕm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kam⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*C.ɢ(r)[ə]m/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	擒
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qín
Middle Chinese	‹ gim ›
Old Chinese	/*C.ɢ(r)[ə]m/
English	catch
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擒
Reading #	1/1
No.	6613
Phonetic component	今
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	琴
Old Chinese	/*ɡrɯm/
Notes	同捦，禽轉註字

Definitions

擒

to catch; to capture; to seize; to arrest
to hold; to grasp
(Cantonese) to climb
擒上車頂／擒上车顶 [Cantonese] ― kam⁴ soeng⁵ ce¹ deng² [Jyutping] ― to climb to the top of the car

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 爬 (“to climb”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		爬
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	爬
	Taiwan	爬
	Singapore	爬
Cantonese	Guangzhou	擒
	Hong Kong	擒, 爬
	Dongguan	擒
	Singapore (Guangfu)	爬
Hakka	Meixian	爬
Northern Min	Jian'ou	爬啦
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	爬
Southern Min	Xiamen	𬦰
	Quanzhou	𬦰
	Zhangzhou	𬦰
	Tainan	𬦰, 控
	Penang (Hokkien)	𬦰
	Singapore (Hokkien)	𬦰
	Manila (Hokkien)	𬦰
	Chaozhou	𬦰
	Shantou	𬦰
	Singapore (Teochew)	𬦰
	Haikou	爬
	Singapore (Hainanese)	爬
Wu	Shanghai	爬

Compounds

一網成擒 / 一网成擒
一舉成擒 / 一举成擒
七擒七縱 / 七擒七纵 (qīqínqīzòng)
伏虎擒龍 / 伏虎擒龙
就擒 (jiùqín)
成擒
手到擒來 / 手到擒来 (shǒudàoqínlái)
捉虎擒蛟
擒伏
擒奸摘伏
擒姦擿伏 / 擒奸擿伏
擒姦討暴 / 擒奸讨暴
擒抱
擒拿 (qínná)
擒捉
擒服
擒獲 / 擒获 (qínhuò)
擒盜 / 擒盗
擒縱 / 擒纵
擒虎拿蛟
擒賊擒王 / 擒贼擒王 (qínzéiqínwáng)
擒賊擒首 / 擒贼擒首
擒龍縛虎 / 擒龙缚虎
束手就擒 (shùshǒujiùqín)
欲擒故縱 / 欲擒故纵 (yùqíngùzòng)
生擒 (shēngqín)
生擒活拿
生擒活捉 (shēngqín huózhuō)
韓擒虎 / 韩擒虎
餓虎擒羊 / 饿虎擒羊

Japanese

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
擒
とりこ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

虜, 俘, 囚, 俘虜

Kanji

擒

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ごん (gon)^{←ごん (gon, historical)}^{←ごむ (gomu, ancient)}
Kan-on: きん (kin)^{←きん (kin, historical)}^{←きむ (kimu, ancient)}
Kun: とらえる (toraeru, 擒える)^{←とらへる (toraferu, 擒へる, historical)}、とりこ (toriko, 擒)

Etymology

Originally a compound of 取り (tori, “taking, capturing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 取る (toru), “to take, to capture”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child; small thing”).^[1]^[2]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) とりこ [tòríkóꜜ] (Odaka – [3])^[2]
(Tokyo) とりこ [tòríkó] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [to̞ɾʲiko̞]

Noun

擒(とりこ) • (toriko)

a prisoner, captive, slave

Usage notes

Also used metaphorically, such as 恋の擒 (koi no toriko, literally “love's slave”).

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

擒 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune–Reischauer kŭm, Yale kum)

catch, capture, seize, arrest

Vietnamese

Han character

擒: Hán Việt readings: cầm^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
擒: Nôm readings: cầm^[1]^[2]

chữ Hán form of cầm (“to hold, keep, capture, seize, arrest”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Trần (2004).
^ Trần (1999).
^ Nguyễn (1974).
^ Thiều Chửu (1942).

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[tdcndg-3] 1.0 ^1.1 Nguyễn (2014).

[gdhn-4] 2.0 ^2.1 Trần (2004).

[tvctdhv-5] Trần (1999).

[hvttd-6] Nguyễn (1974).

[tchvtd-7] Thiều Chửu (1942).

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