転覆

See also: 顛覆 and 顚覆

Japanese

Kanji in this term
転	覆
てん Grade: 3	ふく > ぷく Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spellings
轉覆 (kyūjitai) 顛覆

Etymology

転 is a daiyōji replacing 顚.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) てんぷく [tèńpúkú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [tẽ̞mpɯ̟̊kɯ̟]

Noun

転(てん)覆(ぷく) • (tenpuku)

capsizing, overturn

Verb

転(てん)覆(ぷく)する • (tenpuku suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem 転(てん)覆(ぷく)し (tenpuku shi), past 転(てん)覆(ぷく)した (tenpuku shita))

(intransitive)
1. to overturn (physically)
  Synonyms: 横転する (ōten suru), ひっくり返る (hikkurikaeru)
  - 1921, Jitsuzō Kuwabara, Daishi no Nittō‎^[1]:
    
    しかのみならずこの馬(ば)車(しや)は度(たび)々(たび)顛(てん)覆(ぷく)する危(き)險(けん)がある。速(そく)度(ど)の遲(おそ)いに拘(かかは)らず、よく馬(ば)車(しや)が顛(てん)覆(ぷく)する。
    Shika nomi narazu kono basha wa tabitabi tenpuku suru kiken ga aru. Sokudo no osoi ni kakawarazu, yoku basha ga tenpuku suru.
    In addition, the carriages are in danger of frequently overturning. Regardless of the speed, the carriages often overturn.
2. (of a government, authority) to be overthrown
  Synonym: 倒れる (taoreru)
(transitive)
1. to overthrow (physically)
  Synonym: ひっくり返す (hikkurikaesu)
2. to subvert (a government, authority)
  Synonyms: 倒す (taosu), 打倒する (datō suru)
  - 1911, Naoki Kano, Shina Kinsei no Kokusui Shugi‎^[2]:
    
    故(ゆゑ)に謀(む)反(ほん)大(たい)逆(ぎやく)等(とう)の大(たい)罪(ざい)を犯(をか)すものは、首(しゆ)從(じゆう)を問(と)はず凌(りよう)遲(ち)の刑(けい)に處(しよ)することになつて居(ゐ)たが、新(しん)刑(けい)法(はふ)では政(せい)府(ふ)を顛(てん)覆(ぷく)し、土(と)地(ち)を僭(せん)竊(せつ)し、或(あるい)は國(こく)憲(けん)を紊(びん)亂(らん)するを目(もく)的(てき)とし暴(ぼう)動(どう)を起(おこ)すものは、首(しゆ)魁(くわい)は死(し)刑(けい)又(また)は無(む)期(き)徒(と)刑(けい)に處(しよ)すとある。
    Yue ni muhon taigyaku tō no taizai o okasu mono wa, shujū o towazu ryōchi no kei ni shosuru koto ni natte ita ga, shin-keihō de wa seifu o tenpuku shi, tochi o sensetsu shi, arui wa kokken o binran suru o mokuteki to shi bōdō o okosu mono wa, shukai wa shikei mata wa muki tokei ni shosu to aru.
    Therefore, those who committed a great crime such as rebellion, high treason, and so on were supposed to be punished with lingchi, regardless of whether they were the ringleader or not. However, according to the new criminal law, those who raise a riot for the purpose of subverting the government, stealing national land, or confusing the national constitution are supposed to be punished with the death penalty or life imprisonment if they are the ringleader.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "転覆する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	転覆し	てんぷくし	tenpuku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	転覆し	てんぷくし	tenpuku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	転覆する	てんぷくする	tenpuku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	転覆する	てんぷくする	tenpuku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	転覆すれ	てんぷくすれ	tenpuku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	転覆せよ¹ 転覆しろ²	てんぷくせよ¹ てんぷくしろ²	tenpuku seyo¹ tenpuku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	転覆される	てんぷくされる	tenpuku sareru
Causative	転覆させる転覆さす	てんぷくさせるてんぷくさす	tenpuku saseru tenpuku sasu
Potential	転覆できる	てんぷくできる	tenpuku dekiru
Volitional	転覆しよう	てんぷくしよう	tenpuku shiyō
Negative	転覆しない	てんぷくしない	tenpuku shinai
Negative continuative	転覆せず	てんぷくせず	tenpuku sezu
Formal	転覆します	てんぷくします	tenpuku shimasu
Perfective	転覆した	てんぷくした	tenpuku shita
Conjunctive	転覆して	てんぷくして	tenpuku shite
Hypothetical conditional	転覆すれば	てんぷくすれば	tenpuku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-1] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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