Translingual
Han character
面 (Kangxi radical 176, 面+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 一田卜中 (MWYL) or 一田尸中 (MWSL), four-corner 10600, composition ⿱丆囬)
- Kangxi radical #176, ⾯.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/面
- 偭, 喕, 媔, 愐, 湎, 㮌, 腼, 糆, 緬(缅), 蝒, 䤄, 麵(麺), 勔, 蠠, 奤, 圙, 圗
Additional Derived Characters
- 𭎹, 𢃮, 𤟯, 𨕂, 𣮻, 𤚛, 𬍵, 𥈅, 𧩤, 𧼸, 𨉥, 𩋠, 𫗖, 𫘏, 𩳾, 𩹠
- 𨜧, 𣮿, 𦫥, 𩔁, 𩤤, 𪓱, 𫏔, 𩈳, 𩉖, 𠷰, 𦵀, 𮅥, 𡫍, 𬏶
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1383, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42618
- Dae Jaweon: page 1896, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4398, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9762
Chinese
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003)
|
|
Old Chinese
|
| 蝒
|
*men
|
| 緬
|
*menʔ
|
| 湎
|
*menʔ
|
| 愐
|
*menʔ
|
| 偭
|
*menʔ, *mens
|
| 勔
|
*menʔ
|
| 面
|
*mens
|
| 麵
|
*meːns
|
Pictogram (象形), A man’s face, with an eye exaggerated, derived from 𦣻. The horizontal stroke was added later. Unrelated to 自.
Etymology 2: Simplified from 麵 (elimination of 麥) as adopted by the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-mjal (“face”); cognate with Mizo hmêl (“face”), Jingpho man (“face”). 偭 (OC *menʔ, “to turn; to violate”) is probably cognate (Wang, 1982), perhaps its endoactive (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): miàn (mian4)
- (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄢˋ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): mian4
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): miān
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): min6 / min6-2
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): min3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): men5 / men5*
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): min6
- Gan (Wiktionary): mien5
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): mien
- (Hailu, HRS): mienˇ
- (Meixian, Guangdong): miên4
- Jin (Wiktionary): mie3
- Northern Min (KCR): mīng
- Eastern Min (BUC): méng / miêng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ming4 / meng4
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): bīn / bǐn / biān
- (Teochew, Peng'im): ming7 / mêng7
- (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): mieng1 / mieng7
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): min6
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): mienn5 / mienn4
Note:
- min6-2 - “surface, top, face; dignity, reputation, face”.
Note:
- méng - vernacular;
- miêng - literary.
Note:
- ming4 - vernacular;
- meng4 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Penang, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- bīn/bǐn - vernacular;
- biān - literary.
Note: mêng7 - Jieyang.
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: mieng1 / mieng7
- Sinological IPA: /mieŋ³⁵/, /mieŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
- mieng1 - vernacular;
- mieng7 - literary.
Note:
- mienn5 - vernacular;
- mienn4 - literary.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
面
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
miàn
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ mjienH ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*C.me[n]-s/
|
| English
|
face
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
面
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
9098
|
Phonetic component
|
|
Rime group
|
元
|
Rime subdivision
|
2
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
|
Old Chinese
|
/*mens/
|
Definitions
面
- (literary or dialectal) face (Classifier: 塊/块 c)
- 面帶笑容/面带笑容 ― miàn dài xiàoróng ― to have a smile on one's face
你塊面有笪嘢。 [Cantonese, trad.]
你块面有笪嘢。 [Cantonese, simp.]- nei5 faai3 min6 jau5 daat3 je5. [Jyutping]
- There's something on your face.
- surface; top; face
- 水面 ― shuǐmiàn ― water surface
- 路面 ― lùmiàn ― road surface
- aspect; side; respect
- 全面 ― quánmiàn ― overall
- right side; cover; outside
- (geometry) face
長方體有六個面。 [MSC, trad.]
长方体有六个面。 [MSC, simp.]- Chángfāngtǐ yǒu liù ge miàn. [Pinyin]
- A cuboid has six faces.
- (Cantonese, Singapore and Penang Hokkien) dignity; reputation; face
- 冇面 [Cantonese] ― mou5 min6-2 [Jyutping] ― to lose face; to be embarrassed
- to meet
- 面世 ― miànshì ― to come out (literally, “to meet the world”)
- face-to-face
- 面談/面谈 ― miàntán ― to talk with someone face to face
- 面告 ― miàngào ― to inform face to face
- to face
- 面壁 ― miànbì ― to face the wall
- 背山面水 ― bèi shān miàn shuǐ ― backing on to a mountain and facing a body of water
- suffix used to form a noun of locality
- 前面 ― qiánmiàn ― in front
- 上面 ― shàngmiàn ― higher place
- 西面 ― xīmiàn ― west
- short for 面試/面试 (miànshì, “interview”)
- HR面 ― HRmiàn ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Classifier for objects with a flat surface.
- 一面國旗/一面国旗 ― yī miàn guóqí ― a national flag
- 一面鼓 ― yī miàn gǔ ― a drum
- Classifier for numbers of times people meet each other.
我和他只見過一面。 [MSC, trad.]
我和他只见过一面。 [MSC, simp.]- Wǒ hé tā zhǐ jiàn guo yī miàn. [Pinyin]
- I have only met him once.
Synonyms
- 喙面 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 嘴臉 / 嘴脸 (zuǐliǎn) (usually derogatory)
- 臉 / 脸
- 臉子 / 脸子 (liǎnzi) (colloquial)
- 臉蛋 / 脸蛋 (liǎndàn) (colloquial)
- 臉蛋子 / 脸蛋子 (liǎndànzi) (colloquial, mainland China)
- 臉部 / 脸部 (liǎnbù)
- 臉面 / 脸面 (liǎnmiàn)
- 面孔 (miànkǒng) (formal or Wu)
- 面目 (miànmù)
- 面貌 (miànmào)
- 面部 (miànbù)
- 顏面 / 颜面 (yánmiàn)
Dialectal synonyms of
臉 (“face”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
面, 顏 countenance
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
臉, 臉部, 面孔, 臉孔, 臉面
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
臉, 臉兒
|
| Taiwan
|
臉
|
| Chengde
|
臉
|
| Ulanhot
|
臉蛋子
|
| Tongliao
|
臉蛋子
|
| Chifeng
|
臉
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
臉, 臉蛋子
|
| Heihe
|
臉
|
| Qiqihar
|
臉
|
| Harbin
|
臉, 皮
|
| Jiamusi
|
臉
|
| Baicheng
|
臉
|
| Changchun
|
臉
|
| Tonghua
|
臉
|
| Shenyang
|
臉, 臉蛋兒
|
| Jinzhou
|
臉
|
| Malaysia
|
臉
|
| Singapore
|
臉
|
| Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)
|
臉
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
臉
|
| Tangshan
|
臉
|
| Cangzhou
|
臉
|
| Baoding
|
臉
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
臉
|
| Lijin
|
臉
|
| Jinan
|
臉
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Dalian
|
臉
|
| Dandong
|
臉
|
| Yantai
|
臉
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
臉
|
| Qingdao
|
臉
|
| Zhucheng
|
臉
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
臉
|
| Lingbao
|
臉
|
| Jining
|
臉
|
| Wanrong
|
臉
|
| Linfen
|
臉
|
| Shangqiu
|
臉
|
| Yuanyang
|
臉, 面
|
| Zhengzhou
|
臉
|
| Kaifeng
|
臉
|
| Xinyang
|
臉
|
| Baihe
|
臉, 面
|
| Xi'an
|
臉
|
| Baoji
|
臉, 面
|
| Tianshui
|
臉
|
| Xining
|
臉, 臉佬
|
| Xuzhou
|
臉, 臉兒, 臉膛子
|
| Fuyang
|
臉, 臉面
|
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
臉
|
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)
|
張臉
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
臉
|
| Bayanhot
|
臉
|
| Lanzhou
|
臉, 面
|
| Dunhuang
|
臉
|
| Hami
|
臉
|
| Ürümqi
|
臉, 臉蛋子
|
| Ürümqi (Xigou)
|
臉
|
| Ürümqi (Changshanzi)
|
臉
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
臉, 盤子
|
| Nanchong
|
臉
|
| Dazhou
|
臉
|
| Hanyuan
|
臉, 臉敦
|
| Xichang
|
臉
|
| Zigong
|
臉
|
| Chongqing
|
臉, 臉巴兒, 臉登兒
|
| Wuhan
|
臉, 面孔
|
| Yichang
|
臉
|
| Xiangyang
|
臉
|
| Tianmen
|
臉, 面
|
| Guiyang
|
臉
|
| Zunyi
|
臉
|
| Bijie
|
臉
|
| Liping
|
臉
|
| Zhaotong
|
臉
|
| Dali
|
臉, 面子
|
| Kunming
|
臉, 臉面
|
| Mengzi
|
臉
|
| Guilin
|
臉
|
| Liuzhou
|
臉
|
| Nanning (Wuming)
|
臉
|
| Hechi (Yizhou)
|
臉, 臉盤
|
| Luocheng (Dongmen)
|
臉
|
| Tianlin (Langping)
|
臉包
|
| Jishou
|
臉
|
| Changde
|
臉
|
| Hanzhong
|
臉
|
| Kokang
|
臉
|
| Dagudi (Maliba)
|
臉
|
| Reshuitang (Longling)
|
臉
|
| Mae Salong (Lancang)
|
臉
|
| Mae Sai (Tengchong)
|
臉
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
臉
|
| Yangzhou
|
臉, 面
|
| Lianyungang
|
臉
|
| Lianshui
|
臉
|
| Xinghua
|
臉, 面孔
|
| Nantong
|
臉
|
| Anqing
|
臉
|
| Wuhu
|
臉, 面
|
| Hefei
|
臉
|
| Hong'an
|
臉
|
| Mandarin
|
Nanping (Yanping)
|
臉
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
面
|
| Hong Kong
|
面
|
| Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)
|
面
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)
|
面
|
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
面
|
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
面
|
| Macau
|
面
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
面
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
面
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
面
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
面
|
| Foshan
|
面
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
面
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
面
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
面
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
面
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
面
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
面
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
面
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
面
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
面
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
面
|
| Taishan
|
面
|
| Taishan (Guanghai)
|
面
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
面
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
面
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
面
|
| Dongguan
|
面
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
面
|
| Shenzhen (Dapeng)
|
面
|
| Qingyuan
|
面
|
| Fogang
|
面, 面頂
|
| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
面
|
| Yangshan
|
面
|
| Lianshan (Butian)
|
面
|
| Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)
|
面
|
| Shaoguan
|
面
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
面
|
| Renhua
|
面
|
| Lechang
|
面
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
面
|
| Sihui
|
面
|
| Guangning
|
面
|
| Deqing
|
面
|
| Huaiji
|
面
|
| Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
面
|
| Yunfu
|
面, 面口
|
| Xinxing
|
面
|
| Luoding
|
面
|
| Yunan (Pingtai)
|
面
|
| Yangjiang
|
面
|
| Xinyi
|
面, 面子蛋
|
| Maoming (Xinpo)
|
面
|
| Gaozhou
|
面
|
| Lianjiang
|
面
|
| Wuchuan (Wuyang)
|
面
|
| Nanning
|
面
|
| Nanning (Tanka)
|
面
|
| Wuzhou
|
面
|
| Yulin
|
面
|
| Rongxian
|
面
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
面
|
| Hepu (Shatian)
|
面
|
| Guiping
|
面
|
| Guiping (Mule)
|
面
|
| Pingnan
|
面
|
| Mengshan (Xihe)
|
面
|
| Guigang (Gangcheng)
|
面
|
| Guigang (Nanjiang)
|
面
|
| Guigang (Pingdong)
|
面
|
| Beiliu (Tangliao)
|
面
|
| Baise
|
面
|
| Bobai
|
面
|
| Lingshan
|
面
|
| Pubei
|
面
|
| Qinzhou
|
面
|
| Beihai
|
面
|
| Beihai (Nankang)
|
面
|
| Beihai (Yingpan)
|
面
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
面
|
| Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
面
|
| Ningming
|
面
|
| Hengzhou
|
面
|
| Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)
|
面
|
| Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
面
|
| Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua)
|
面
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Ipoh (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Sarikei (Xinhui)
|
面
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Móng Cái
|
面
|
| Yangon (Taishan)
|
面
|
| Mandalay (Taishan)
|
面
|
| Bangkok (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Betong (Rongxian)
|
面
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
臉
|
| Poyang
|
臉
|
| Yugan
|
面
|
| Wannian
|
面
|
| Yiyang, Jiangxi
|
面
|
| Hengfeng
|
面
|
| Yanshan (Hekou)
|
面
|
| Lichuan
|
面
|
| Pingxiang
|
面
|
| Jianning
|
面嘴
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
面
|
| Xingning
|
面
|
| Dabu (Xihe)
|
面
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)
|
面鉢
|
| Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Huiyang
|
面鉢
|
| Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
面
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
面鉢
|
| Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Boluo (Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
面鉢
|
| Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)
|
面鉢
|
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
|
面鉢
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
面鉢
|
| Wuhua (Shuizhai)
|
面
|
| Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
面
|
| Wuhua (Changbu)
|
面
|
| Wuhua (Mianyang)
|
面
|
| Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Wengyuan
|
面
|
| Nanxiong (Zhuji)
|
面
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
面
|
| Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua)
|
面
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
面
|
| Liannan
|
面
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
面
|
| Jiexi
|
面
|
| Luhe
|
面
|
| Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)
|
面
|
| Nanjing (Meilin)
|
面
|
| Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang)
|
面
|
| Changting
|
面
|
| Longyan (Yongding)
|
面
|
| Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)
|
面
|
| Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)
|
面
|
| Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)
|
面
|
| Wuping
|
面
|
| Wuping (Zhongshan)
|
面
|
| Wuping (Yanqian)
|
面
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
面
|
| Liancheng
|
面
|
| Liancheng (Peitian)
|
面
|
| Liancheng (Juxi)
|
面
|
| Liancheng (Zhongbao)
|
面
|
| Liancheng (Laiyuan)
|
面
|
| Ninghua
|
面, 面嘴
|
| Qingliu
|
面嘴
|
| Yudu
|
面盤
|
| Ningdu
|
面
|
| Ruijin
|
面
|
| Shicheng
|
面
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
面
|
| Tonggu (Sandu)
|
面
|
| Ganzhou (Panlong)
|
面
|
| Dayu
|
面
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)
|
面
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
面
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
面
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)
|
面
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
面
|
| Hong Kong
|
面, 面鉢
|
| Yangxi (Tangkou)
|
面
|
| Yangchun (Sanjia)
|
面
|
| Xinyi (Sihe)
|
面
|
| Xinyi (Qianpai)
|
面
|
| Gaozhou (Xindong)
|
面
|
| Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)
|
面
|
| Huazhou (Xin'an)
|
面
|
| Lianjiang (Shijiao)
|
面
|
| Lianjiang (Qingping)
|
面
|
| Mengshan (Xihe)
|
面
|
| Luchuan
|
面
|
| Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
面
|
| Beiliu (Tang'an)
|
面
|
| Mashan (Pianlian)
|
面
|
| Hengzhou (Xiaoyi)
|
面
|
| Chengdu (Longtan)
|
面
|
| Chengdu (Shiling)
|
面
|
| Chengdu (Longwang)
|
面
|
| Chengdu (Shibantan)
|
面
|
| Chengdu (Hexingchang)
|
面
|
| Weiyuan (Guanyingtan)
|
面
|
| Yilong (Ma'an)
|
面
|
| Xichang (Huanglianguan)
|
面
|
| Sabah (Bao'an)
|
面
|
| Sabah (Longchuan)
|
面
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)
|
面
|
| Senai (Huiyang)
|
面鉢
|
| Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)
|
面
|
| Singkawang
|
面
|
| Singapore (Meixian)
|
面
|
| Singapore (Dabu)
|
面
|
| Bangkok (Meixian)
|
面
|
| Bangkok (Fengshun)
|
面
|
| Bangkok (Jiexi)
|
面
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
面嘴, 面
|
| Shexian
|
面嘴
|
| Huangshan (Tunxi)
|
面嘴
|
| Xiuning
|
面嘴
|
| Yixian
|
面嘴
|
| Qimen
|
面
|
| Wuyuan
|
面, 面相
|
| Fuliang
|
面嘴
|
| Dexing
|
面嘴
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
臉
|
| Taiyuan (Jinyuan)
|
臉
|
| Yangyuan
|
臉
|
| Datong
|
臉
|
| Xinzhou
|
臉, 臉面
|
| Lüliang (Lishi)
|
臉
|
| Changzhi
|
臉, 臉面
|
| Taibus (Baochang)
|
臉
|
| Linhe
|
臉
|
| Jining
|
臉
|
| Hohhot
|
臉
|
| Baotou
|
臉
|
| Dongsheng
|
眉眼
|
| Haibowan
|
面
|
| Erenhot
|
臉
|
| Pingshan
|
臉
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
臉
|
| Handan
|
臉
|
| Linzhou
|
臉
|
| Suide
|
臉, 臉面
|
| Shenmu
|
眉眼
|
| Jiuxing Yumin
|
Lanxi
|
面孔
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
面, 面頰
|
| Jian'ou (Dikou)
|
面頰
|
| Nanping (Xiayang, Yanping)
|
面
|
| Songxi
|
面, 面頰
|
| Zhenghe
|
面
|
| Shunchang (Yangdun)
|
面
|
| Jianyang
|
面
|
| Wuyishan
|
面
|
| Pucheng (Shibei)
|
面
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
面
|
| Fuzhou (Changle)
|
面
|
| Fuqing
|
面, 面䫌
|
| Yongtai
|
面
|
| Gutian
|
面
|
| Pingnan
|
面
|
| Fu'an
|
面
|
| Ningde
|
面
|
| Shouning
|
面
|
| Zhouning
|
面
|
| Fuding
|
面
|
| Youxi
|
面
|
| Youxi (Xiyang, Xibin)
|
面
|
| Youxi (Tiantang, Yangzhong)
|
面
|
| Youxi (Tangchuan)
|
面
|
| Youxi (Zhongxian)
|
面
|
| Matsu
|
面
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
面
|
| Quanzhou
|
面
|
| Shishi
|
面
|
| Yongchun
|
面
|
| Zhangzhou
|
面
|
| Zhao'an
|
面
|
| Dongshan
|
面
|
| Taipei
|
面
|
| New Taipei (Tamsui)
|
面
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
面
|
| New Taipei (Pingxi)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Cijin)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)
|
面
|
| Kaohsiung (Tianliao)
|
面
|
| Yilan
|
面
|
| Yilan (Luodong)
|
面
|
| Yilan (Toucheng)
|
面
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
面
|
| Changhua (Yongjing)
|
面
|
| Taichung
|
面
|
| Tainan
|
面
|
| Tainan (Anping)
|
面
|
| Hsinchu
|
面
|
| Miaoli (Houlong)
|
面
|
| Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng)
|
面
|
| Kinmen
|
面
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
面
|
| Penghu (Xiyu)
|
面
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
面
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
面
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
面
|
| Longyan
|
面頰
|
| Zhangping
|
面
|
| Zhangping (Yongfu)
|
面
|
| Datian
|
面, 隔溝
|
| Datian (Guangping)
|
面
|
| Youxi (Jiemian, Banmian)
|
面
|
| Youxi (Longyi, Xinyang)
|
面
|
| Shunchang (Pushang)
|
面
|
| Pingnan (Shangdu)
|
面
|
| Pingnan (Pingtian)
|
面
|
| Guiping (Xiaowen)
|
面
|
| Guiping (Dongsheng)
|
面
|
| Chaozhou
|
面
|
| Shantou
|
面
|
| Shantou (Chenghai)
|
面
|
| Nan'ao (Houzhai)
|
面
|
| Nan'ao (Yun'ao)
|
面
|
| Jieyang
|
面
|
| Haifeng
|
面
|
| Bangkok (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Chiang Mai (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Hat Yai (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
面
|
| Leizhou
|
面
|
| Wenchang
|
面
|
| Haikou
|
面
|
| Singapore (Hainanese)
|
面
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
面
|
| Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
|
面
|
| Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)
|
面
|
| Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)
|
面
|
| Xianyou
|
面
|
| Xianyou (Fengting)
|
面
|
| Xianyou (Youyang)
|
面
|
| Fuding (Aoyao)
|
面
|
| Central Min
|
Yong'an
|
面嘴
|
| Sanming (Sanyuan)
|
面嘴, 面
|
| Sanming (Shaxian)
|
面嘴
|
| Shaojiang Min
|
Shaowu
|
面嘴
|
| Guangze
|
面
|
| Jiangle
|
面
|
| Mingxi
|
面嘴
|
| Shunchang
|
面把
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)
|
面
|
| Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
|
面
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
面
|
| Nanning (Xinxu)
|
面
|
| Northern Pinghua
|
Guilin (Dahe)
|
面
|
| Lingchuan (Sanjie)
|
面
|
| Shehua
|
Fu'an
|
面
|
| Fuding
|
面
|
| Luoyuan
|
面
|
| Sanming
|
面
|
| Shunchang
|
面
|
| Hua'an
|
面
|
| Guixi (Zhangping)
|
面
|
| Cangnan
|
面
|
| Jingning (Hexi)
|
面
|
| Lishui
|
面
|
| Longyou
|
面
|
| Chaozhou
|
面
|
| Fengshun
|
面
|
| Waxiang
|
Guzhang (Gaofeng)
|
面包
|
| Yuanling (Shaojiwan)
|
面
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
面孔, 面顴, 番斯
|
| Shanghai (Songjiang)
|
面孔
|
| Shanghai (Jiading)
|
面孔
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
面孔
|
| Suzhou
|
面孔
|
| Danyang
|
面孔
|
| Hangzhou
|
臉, 臉孔
|
| Ningbo
|
面孔
|
| Wenzhou
|
面股, 面
|
| Yunhe
|
面
|
| Qingyuan
|
面
|
| Suichang
|
面
|
| Changshan
|
面
|
| Kaihua
|
面
|
| Longyou
|
面嘴
|
| Jinhua
|
面, 面孔
|
| Jinhua (Tangxi)
|
面
|
| Yongkang
|
面切
|
| Pujiang
|
面, 面孔
|
| Dongyang
|
面切
|
| Pan'an
|
面
|
| Wuyi
|
面孔
|
| Shangrao
|
面嘴
|
| Shangrao (Guangfeng)
|
面嘴
|
| Yushan
|
面
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
臉
|
| Loudi
|
面
|
| Shuangfeng
|
面
|
| Quanzhou
|
臉
|
| Xiangnan Tuhua
|
Jiangyong
|
面腮
|
| Dong'an
|
面古
|
| Yuebei Tuhua
|
Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang)
|
面
|
| Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang)
|
面
|
| Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang)
|
面鉢, 面
|
| Renhua (Zhoutian)
|
面
|
| Renhua (Shitang)
|
面
|
| Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou)
|
面鉢
|
| Lechang (Changlai)
|
面
|
| Lechang (Beixiang)
|
面
|
| Lechang (Huangpu)
|
面
|
| Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi)
|
面
|
| Lechang (Sanxi)
|
面
|
Dialectal synonyms of
面目 (“dignity; reputation; face”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
面目, 面子, 體面, 顏面, 臉面, 臉子
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Taiwan
|
面子
|
| Malaysia
|
臉, 面子
|
| Singapore
|
面子
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Wanrong
|
面子
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
面
|
| Hong Kong
|
面, 面子
|
| Singapore (Guangfu)
|
面
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
面子, 面皮
|
| Quanzhou
|
面皮
|
| Zhangzhou
|
面皮
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
面, 面皮
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
面, 面皮
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
面, 面子, 面皮
|
| Singapore (Teochew)
|
面皮
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
面子
|
Dialectal synonyms of 面 (“(classifier for flags)”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of 面 (“(classifier for mirrors)”) [map]
Dialectal synonyms of
堵 (“(classifier for walls)”)
[map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
堵, 面, 道
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Taiwan
|
堵, 面, 道
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Jinan
|
堵
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Yantai (Muping)
|
堵
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
堵
|
| Xi'an
|
堵
|
| Xining
|
堵
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Ürümqi
|
堵
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
堵
|
| Guiyang
|
堵
|
| Liuzhou
|
堵
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
埲, 幅
|
| Hong Kong
|
埲, 幅
|
| Dongguan
|
條
|
| Gan
|
Lichuan
|
扇
|
| Pingxiang
|
扇, 敦, 陣
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
皮
|
| Yudu
|
扇
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
堵, 面, 皮
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
堵
|
| Xinzhou
|
堵
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
板, 堵
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
堵, 扇
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
堵
|
| Quanzhou
|
堵
|
| Zhangzhou
|
堵
|
| Taipei (Wanhua)
|
片
|
| Kaohsiung
|
面
|
| Yilan
|
堵
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
面
|
| Taichung
|
片
|
| Taichung (Wuqi)
|
片
|
| Tainan
|
堵, 面
|
| Taitung
|
片
|
| Hsinchu
|
片
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
片
|
| Jieyang
|
爿, 埤, 片
|
| Puning
|
方, 埤
|
| Haikou
|
幅
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
幅
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
堵
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
堵
|
| Suzhou
|
堵
|
| Danyang
|
堵
|
| Hangzhou
|
堵
|
| Jinhua
|
堵
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
堵
|
Compounds
Descendants
Others:
- → Proto-Mien: *ʰmi̯enᴬ (“face”)
- → Vietnamese: miền (沔)
- → Zhuang: mienh
Etymology 2
For pronunciation and definitions of 面 – see 麵 (“flour; wheat noodles; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 麵). |
| Notes: |
References
- “面”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “面(前~、脸~)”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 212.
Japanese
Kanji
面
(Third grade kyōiku kanji)
- mask
- face
- features
- surface
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term
|
| 面
|
めん Grade: 3
|
| goon
|
From Middle Chinese 面 (MC mjienH).
Pronunciation
Noun
面 • (men)
- face
- 面あり!
- Men ari!
- (kendo) Face hit!
- surface
- mask
- 天狗のお面
- tengu no o-men
- tengu mask
- page
- (music) side of a record or CD
- 両A面
- ryō e-men
- double A-side
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term
|
| 面
|
おもて Grade: 3
|
| kun'yomi
|
Pronunciation
Noun
面 • (omote)
- face
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term
|
| 面
|
つら Grade: 3
|
| kun'yomi
|
Pronunciation
Noun
面 • (tsura)
- face
- surface
- mask
- page
Derived terms
- 面魂 (tsuradamashii)
- 面の皮が厚い (tsura no kawa ga atsui)
- 面汚し (tsurayogoshi)
- 蛙の面に小便 (kaeru no tsura ni shōben)
- どの面下げて (dono tsura sagete)
Suffix
面 • (-zura)
- -looking
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term
|
| 面
|
おも Grade: 3
|
| kun'yomi
|
| For pronunciation and definitions of 面 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 面, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
|
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 面 (MC mjienH).
| Historical Readings
|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading
|
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 |
면〮 (Yale: myén)
|
| Middle Korean
|
| Text |
Eumhun
|
| Gloss (hun) |
Reading
|
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] |
ᄂᆞᆺ (Yale: nòs) |
면〯 (Yale: myěn)
|
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [mjɘ(ː)n]
- Phonetic hangul: [면(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
Wikisource
面 (eumhun 낯 면 (nat myeon))
- hanja form? of 면 (“side; aspect”) [noun]
- hanja form? of 면 (“(government) township”) [noun]
Compounds
Compounds
- 가면 (假面, gamyeon)
- 구면 (舊面, gumyeon)
- 단면 (斷面, danmyeon)
- 면적 (面積, myeonjeok)
- 면접 (面接, myeonjeop)
- 반면 (反面, banmyeon)
- 장면 (場面, jangmyeon)
- 정면 (正面, jeongmyeon)
- 측면 (側面, cheungmyeon)
- 평면 (平面, pyeongmyeon)
- 화면 (畫面, hwamyeon)
- 국면 (局面, gungmyeon)
- 외면 (外面, oemyeon)
- 표면 (表面, pyomyeon)
- 이면 (裏面, imyeon)
- 방면 (方面, bangmyeon)
- 면모 (面貌, myeonmo)
- 안면 (顔面, anmyeon)
- 면상 (面相, myeonsang)
- 체면 (體面, chemyeon)
- 직면 (直面, jingmyeon)
- 면담 (面談, myeondam)
- 액면 (額面, aengmyeon)
- 수면 (水面, sumyeon)
- 진면목 (眞面目, jinmyeonmok)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
Vietnamese
Han character
面: Hán Nôm readings: diện, miến, miền[1]
- (colloquial) chữ Hán form of diện (“to dress up, to be well-dressed”)
- chữ Hán form of diện (“face, appearance”)
- chữ Hán form of diện (“aspect; area”)
- chữ Nôm form of miền (“region; district; domain”)
Compounds
References